Table 2.
The effect of the extract from the berries of Aronia melanocarpa L. (AE) on the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in the serum of rats exposed to cadmium (Cd) 1,2.
| Group | Duration of the Experiment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3 Months | 10 Months | 17 Months | 24 Months | |
| ALT (U/L) | ||||
| Control | 24.19 ± 1.306 | 22.55 ± 1.308 | 15.95 ± 1.686 | 24.11 ± 3.003 |
| AE | 22.70 ± 1.993 | 15.05 ± 1.004 * | 16.22 ± 1.453 | 31.86 ± 5.217 |
| Cd1 | 21.74 ± 3.480 | 29.29 ± 2.260 * ‡‡‡ | 24.44 ± 2.960 ** ‡‡ | 33.65 ± 3.825 * |
| Cd1 + AE | 21.82 ± 2.020 | 30.25 ± 3.320 * ‡‡‡ | 10.54 ± 0.397 ††† ‡ | 22.61 ± 2.184 † ‡ |
| Cd5 | 23.15 ± 3.442 | 36.77 ± 4.278 *** ‡‡‡ # | 24.64 ± 2.226 ** ‡‡ | 35.92 ± 2.078 * |
| Cd5 + AE | 23.35 ± 3.506 | 19.50 ± 0.846 ††† ## | 12.79 ± 1.314 ††† | 20.44 ± 1.006 †† ‡ |
| AST (U/L) | ||||
| Control | 82.28 ± 5.983 | 62.98 ± 2.645 | 79.48 ± 8.155 | 45.32 ± 4.260 |
| AE | 96.14 ± 4.549 | 64.39 ± 4.516 | 94.32 ± 9.591 | 47.54 ± 2.612 |
| Cd1 | 96.24 ± 7.035 | 80.68 ± 7.370 * | 139.02 ± 10.35 *** ‡‡‡ | 57.33 ± 4.174 * |
| Cd1 + AE | 101.5 ± 6.851 | 77.70 ± 7.296 | 127.5 ± 7.253 *** ‡ | 51.65 ± 5.743 |
| Cd5 | 113.6 ± 5.391 ** | 84.10 ± 7.487 * | 112.37 ± 8.591 * # | 60.02 ± 2.004 * |
| Cd5 + AE | 93.92 ± 7.822 | 83.37 ± 7.533 * | 104.10 ± 7.918 | 51.58 ± 2.396 |
1 The rats received the 0.1% aqueous AE and Cd in diet at the concentration of 1 or 5 mg/kg for 3–24 months. 2 Data are presented as mean ± SE for eight rats, except for seven animals in the AE, Cd1, and Cd5 group after 24 months. Statistically significant differences (ANOVA, Duncan’s multiple range test): * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 vs. control group; † p < 0.05, †† p < 0.01, ††† p < 0.001 vs. respective group intoxicated with Cd alone; ‡ p < 0.05, ‡‡ p < 0.01, ‡‡‡ p < 0.001 vs. group receiving AE alone; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01 vs. respective group receiving the 1 mg Cd/kg diet (alone or with AE).