Table 2.

Anthelmintic Medicinal plants; it active principles and anti-nutrients.

Plant	Anthelmintic active principle (s)	Part used	Tested organism	Anti-nutrient	Reference (s)
Carica papaya L.	papain (papaya proteinase I) and Benzyl isothiocyanate	Leaves, fruit and seed	Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Ascaris suum	phytate, oxalate, condensed tannin and hydrolysable tannin	Hounzangbe-Adote et al. (2005); Adetuyi et al. (2008); Bauri et al. (2015)
Butea monosperma Lam.	Palasonin and Tannins	Seed, root, flower and leaves	Ascaris lumbricoides, Dipylidium caninum, Toxocara canis	Protease inhibitors	Mishra et al., 2000; Pandey and Jamal (2010); Bauri et al. (2015)
Terminalia arjuna Wight and Arn.	Tannin and ellagic acid	leaf, bud, seed, root and stem	Eggs, larvae and adult of Haemonchus contortus	Phytic acid, tannin	Bauri et al. (2015)
Allium sativum L.	Allicin	bulbs,	Ascaridia galli, Haemonchus contortus	Hydrocyanic acid, oxalate, phytic acid, cyanogenic glycoside	Kavindra Singh and Nagaich, 2000; Iqbal et al. (2001); Asanga et al. (2015)
Cucurbita maxima Duchesne	Cucurbitin	Seeds	Ascaris lumbricoides, Hymenolepis diminuta	Akaloids, saponins, Tannin, Cyanide, Oxalate, phytate	Iqbal et al. (2001); Mohaammed et al. (2014)
Zingiber officinale Roscoe	Zingiberene, bisabolene, gingerols and shogaols	Rhizome	Haemonchus contortus	Tannin, Phytin and Oxalate	Iqbal et al. (2001); Adanlawo and Dairo (2007)
Nigella sativa L.	Thimoquinone and Dithimoquinone	Seeds	Schistosoma mansoni	Trypsin inhibitor, phytic acid	Kailani et al. (1995); Bauri et al., 2015
Piper longum L.	piperine	Fruit and leaves	Ascaris lumbricoides	Tannin	Bauri et al. (2015); Singh et al. (2015)
Ocimum sanctum L.	Eugenol, ß-caryophyllene and Urosilic acid	Leaf	Caenorhabditis elegans, Ascaridia galli	Phytin, Oxalate, Tannic acid, Phytic acid	Asha et al. (2001)
Azadirachta indica A. Juss.	Azadirachtin	Leaves	Fasciola gigantica	condensed tannins, crude saponins, oxalate, lignin, azadirachtin	Kushwaha et al. (2004); Adjorlolo et al. (2016)
Moringa oleifera Lam.	Tannins, Flavonoids, Triterpeniods, Saponins and Alkaloids	Leaf and seed	Dracunculus medinensis, Schistosoma mansoni	Oxalates, Alkaloids, Phytate, Tannin	Stevens et al. (2015)
Artemisia annua L.	Artemisinin, Quercetin	Leaf	Fasiola hepatica, Schistosoma mansoni	Phytate, Tannin	Brisibe et al. (2009); Dragan et al. (2014)
Cymbogon martini (Roxb.) Wats.	Geranio	Whole Plant	Caenorhabditis elegans	–	McGaw et al. (2001)
Mentha cordifolia Lej. & Courtois auct.	Glucosides, b-Sitosterols,	Leaf	Ascaris suum	–	Villaseñor et al. (2002)
Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T. Aiton	Anthocyanins, Triterpenoids, alkaloids	Leaf	Haemonchus contortus	Phytic acid, Tannins, Oxalate	Adebayo et al., 2015, Al-Qarawi et al., 2001
Aloe ferox Mill.	Phenol Saponin Alkaloids Flavonoids	Leaf	Trichuris spp.	Tannin, Oxalate, Phytate	Adesuyi and Awosanya (2012); Maphosa and Masika (2012)