TABLE 4.
Causes of Increased ICP
| Cause | No. Children |
|---|---|
| Brain tumor | 15 |
| Primary hydrocephalusa | 15 |
| Shunt obstruction | 12 |
| Secondary hydrocephalus | 16 |
| Arteriovenous malformationb | 2 |
| Chiari malformation | 3 |
| Craniosynostosis | 3 |
| Dandy-Walker malformation (Joubert syndrome) | 1 |
| Intraventricular cyst | 1 |
| Intraventricular hemorrhageb | 2 |
| Previous meningococcal disease and/or encephalitisa | 2 |
| Subdural hygroma | 1 |
| Cerebral edema (birth anoxia with previous subdural and subarachnoid hemorrhage) | 1 |
a
One child had both bacterial meningitis and hydrocephalus.
b
One child had intraventricular hemorrhage from an arteriovenous malformation.