Table 3.

Characteristics of general and specific primers employed for the detection of Cry, Cyt and PS genes.

Primer	Sequence	Gene(s) Recognized	Amplicon Size (bP)	Condition of Annealing	GenBank Accession No	Reference
Cry2 (UN)	(F)5′-GAGTTTAATCGACAAGTAGATAATTT-3′ (R)5′-GGAAAAGAGAATATAAAAATGGCCAG-3′	Cry2Aa	526	50 °C	M31738	[41]
		Cry2Ab	526		M23724
		Cry2Ac	520		X57252
		Cry2Ad	500		AF200816
Cry4 (UN)	(F)5′-GCATATGATGTAGCGAAACAAGCC-3′ (R)5′-GCGTGACATACCCATTTCCAGGTCC-3′	Cry4A2	439	58 °C	D00248	[27]
		Cry4B4	439		D00247
Cry4A (spe)	(F)5′-TCAAAGATCATTTCAAAATTACATG-3′ (R)5′-CGGCTTGATCTATGTCATAATCTGT-3′	Cry4Aa	459	50 °C	Y00423	[27]
Cry4B (spe)	(F)5′-CGTTTCAAGACCTAATAATATAATACC-3′ (R)5′-CGGCTTGATCTATGTCATAATCTGT-3′	Cry4Ba	321	50 °C	‘X07423	[27]
Cry10 (spe)	(F)5’-TCAATGCTCCATCCAATG-3′ (R)5’-CTTGTATAGGCCTTCCTCCG-3′	Cry10	348	51 °C	M12662	[27]
Cry11 (UN)	(F)5’-CGCTTACAGGATGGATAGG-3′ (R)5′-GCTGAAACGGCACGAATATAATA-3′	Cry11Aa	342	50 °C	M31737	[41]
		Cry11Ba	342		X86902
		Cry11Bb	452		AF017416
Cyt1 (UN)	(F)5′-CCTCAATCAACAGCAAGGGTTATT-3′ (R)5′-TGCAAACAGGACATTGTATGTGTAATT-3′	Cyt1Aa	477	52 °C	X03182	[41]
		Cyt1Ab	480		X98793
		Cyt1Ba	477		U37196
Cyt2 (UN)	(F)5′-ATTACAAATTGCAAATGGTATTCC-3′ (R)5′-TTTCAACATCCACAGTAATTTCAAATGC-3′	Cyt2Aa	356	50 °C	Z14147	[41]
		Cyt2Ba	355		U52043
		Cyt2Bb	355		U82519
		Cyt2Ca	355		AAK50455
PS1Aa1	(F)5′-TGTGCGATTGGTGGATGCGCT-3′ (R)5′-TCCCCGAAAAAGACCTGCGGT-3′	Cry31Aa1	226	65 °C	AB031065	[15]
PS2Aa1	(F)5′-TCCCAAAAGAGTAGGGCCAGGTG-3′ (R)3′-AATTCCCCCATTTTGGGCATTGGCA-3′	Cry46Aa1	269	63 °C	AB099515	[41]
PS3Aa1	(F)5′-GCCGGAATTGCTGGCCTCGA-3′ (R)5′-TGATGGGCTCCGTAGGTAGGGA-3′	Cry41Aa1	447	52 °C	AB116649	[4]
PS4Aa1	(F)5′-GAGGTGGTGTGCTGCAAGGGG-3′ (R)5′-TTCCCGAACCTGCCCTGCAC-3′	Cry45Aa1	712	57 °C	AB180980	[17]