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. 2019 Feb 14;9(5):1369–1384. doi: 10.7150/thno.32451

Figure 7.

Figure 7

GdX-deficient mice show a reduced inflammatory colitis. Mice of GdX germline deletion (GdX-/Y), specific deletion in DC cells (GdXΔDC), macrophages (GdXΔMφ), epithelial cells (GdXΔIEC ) and their WT (Cre-negative) littermates were treated with 3% DSS in drinking water for 6 days. (A) Body weight of GdX-/Y mice was decreased in comparison with that of GdX+/Y mice at day 5 after DSS treatment. Body weight was measured daily and presented as means ± SEM. p value on day 5 was significant, p < 0.05 (n=6 for DSS-treated WT group, and n=12 for KO group). (B and C) Body weights of GdXΔDC (B) and GdXΔMφ (C) mice were decreased in comparison with that of WT mice after DSS treatment. (D) Body weight of GdXΔIEC mice was unchanged compared with that of WT mice after DSS treatment. (E-H) The effect of GdX deletion on the colon lengths. The length of colon from GdX-/Y (E), GdXΔDC (F), GdXΔMφ (G) and GdXΔIEC (H) mice and their WT (Cre-negative) littermates were determined on day 6 after DSS treatment. (I-L) The disease activity index (DAI) was determined on day 6. The DAI of GdX-/Y (I), GdXΔDC (J), GdXΔMφ (K) and GdXΔIEC (L) mice were compared with their WT (Cre-negative) littermates. (M and N) Microscopic views of HE-stained colon sections. Tissue sections from GdX-/Y (M), GdXΔDC, GdXΔMφ and GdXΔIEC (N) mice and their WT (Cre-negative) littermates were subject to HE-staining. (O-R) The production of IL-6 was decreased in GdX-/Y, GdXΔDC and GdXΔMφ mice but not in GdXΔIEC mice. The serum IL-6 concentrations of the mice were compared with their WT (Cre-negative) littermates by ELISA. (S) Deletion of GdX resulted in decreased phosphorylation of p65 in IECs. Immuno-histochemical analyses of p-p65 (upper) and p65 (lower) in paraffin-embedded colon sections of GdX+/Y (n=5) and GdX-/Y mice (n=5) at day 6 after treatment with 3% DSS; nuclei were counterstained with hematoxylin (blue). Scale bars, 100 μm. (T) Examinations of p-p65 levels and GdX depletion efficiency in the spleen DCs of GdXΔDC mice and Mφ of GdXΔMφ mice. The DCs, Mφ were sorted by FACS and then protein levels were determined by WB.