Figure 2.

The effects of ω-3 PUFAs (DHA and EPA) on mRNA expression of α-SMA (a), collagen III (b), collagen I (c), and TGF-β1 (d) in HDFs. HDFs were exposed for 24 hours to each ω-3 PUFA at the indicated concentrations. Data from 3 independent experiments were used to calculate mean values and SEMs. *P < .05 as compared with control cultures (Tukey-Kramer post hoc test). ω-3 PUFA indicates ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin; TGF-β1, transforming growth factor β1; and HDF, human dermal fibroblast.