Table 5.
Demographic variables and its association with food insecurity.
| Demographic | Univariate | Multivariable—Model 1 (Demographics Only) | Multivariable—Model 2 (Demographics and Food Literacy Behaviours) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | |||
| 66 and over | 1 | 1 | |
| 56–65 | 1.75 (1.08–2.85) p = 0.0233 | 1.73 (0.98–3.05) p = 0.0589 | |
| 46–55 | 3.53 (2.22–5.62) p < 0.0001 | 3.27 (1.88–5.69) p < 0.0001 | |
| 36–45 | 2.80 (1.83–4.28) p < 0.0001 | 3.66 (2.19–6.11) p < 0.0001 | |
| 26–35 | 2.60 (1.7–3.98) p < 0.0001 | 3.61 (2.15–6.06) p < 0.0001 | |
| 18–25 | 3.34 (2.1–5.32) p < 0.0001 | 2.81 (1.6–4.92) p = 0.0003 | |
| Education | |||
| Completed university degree (undergraduate or higher) | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Completed TAFE/Certificate/Diploma/Trade | 1.71 (1.26–2.33) p = 0.001 | 1.78 (1.24–2.54) p = 0.0015 | 1.74 (1.13–2.68) p = 0.0112 |
| Completed high school | 2.26 (1.63–3.13) p < 0.0001 | 2.49 (1.68–3.67) p < 0.0001 | 2.28 (1.43–3.63) p = 0.0005 |
| Some high school | 3.32 (2.35–4.68) p < 0.0001 | 2.84 (1.85–4.37) p < 0.0001 | 2.05 (1.22–3.47) p = 0.007 |
| Household Composition | |||
| Other (e.g., shared or supported accommodation) | 1 | ||
| Couple with children | 1.65 (1.2–2.26) p = 0.0020 | ||
| Single parent with children | 1.94 (1.12–3.36) p = 0.0188 | ||
| Couple with no children | 2.24 (1.61–3.1) p < 0.0001 | ||
| Single person | 3.28 (2.33–4.63) p < 0.0001 | ||
| Employment | |||
| Full time/self employed | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Part time/casual | 1.20 (0.8–1.79) p = 0.3781 | 1.19 (0.76–1.86) p = 0.4584 | 1.07 (0.65–1.77) p = 0.7849 |
| Unemployed/Unable to work/disability pension/rehabilitation/prison | 2.32 (1.57–3.42) p < 0.0001 | 2.19 (1.4–3.43) p = 0.0006 | 2.28 (1.39–3.77) p = 0.0012 |
| Other: Student/maternity leave/retired/house duties/volunteer | 0.87 (0.6–1.27) p = 0.4723 | 1.05 (0.68–1.61) p = 0.8236 | 0.76 (0.48–1.20) p = 0.2359 |
| SEIFA 1 | |||
| High | 1 | ||
| Middle | 1.25 (0.93–1.68) p = 0.1442 | ||
| Low | 1.55 (1.18–2.05) p = 0.0018 | ||
| Born in Australia 2 | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1.81 (1.43–2.29) p < 0.0001 | 1.36 (1.04–1.79) p = 0.0260 | 1.61 (1.18–2.19) p = 0.0025 |
| Identify as ATSI 2,3 | |||
| No | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 3.07 (1.97–4.79) p < 0.0001 | 1.3–3.49) p = 0.0027 |
1 SEIFA, Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas, derived from postcode [38]; 2 Added in later version of questionnaire; 3 Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander.