Table 1.
International Committee of Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) classification of coronaviruses species, reservoir hosts, and presence reported in China.
| Coronavirus Species | Abbreviations | Human | Bats | Other Animals | Reported in China | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bat coronavirus HKU10 | BtCoV-HKU10 | Yes | Yes [7,8,26,27] | α-CoV | ||
| Bat coronavirus CDPHE15 | BtCoV-CDPHE15 | Yes | No | |||
| Rhinolophus ferrumequinum alphacoronavirus HuB-2013 | BtRfCoV-HuB13 | Yes | Yes [8] | |||
| * Human coronavirus 229E | HCoV-229E | Yes | Yes [28,29] | |||
| Lucheng Rn rat coronavirus | LRNV | Yes (rat) | Yes [30] | |||
| Ferret coronavirus | FRCoV | Yes (ferret) | No [31] | |||
| * Mink coronavirus 1 | MCoV | Yes (mink) | No [14] | |||
| Miniopterus bat coronavirus 1 | BtMiCoV-1 | Yes | Yes [7,8,32,33,34,35,36,37] | |||
| Miniopterus bat coronavirus HKU8 | BtMiCoV-HKU8 | Yes | Yes [7,8,33,34,35,37,38,39,40,41] | |||
| Myotis ricketti alphacoronavirus Sax-2011 | BtMy-Sax11 | Yes | Yes [8,37] | |||
| Nyctalus velutinus alphacoronavirus SC-2013 | BtNy-Sc13 | Yes | Yes [8] | |||
| * Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus | PEDV | Yes (pig) | Yes [42] | |||
| Scotophilus bat coronavirus 512 | BtScCoV-512 | Yes | Yes [37] | |||
| * Rhinolophus bat coronavirus HKU2 (SADS) | BtRhCoV-HKU2 | Yes | Yes | Yes [2,7,8,38,43,44,45] | ||
| * Human coronavirus NL63 | HCoV-NL63 | Yes | Yes [28,29] | |||
| NL63-related bat coronavirus strain BtKYNL63-9b | BtKYNL63 | Yes | No [24] | |||
| * Alphacoronavirus 1 (Transmissible gastroenteritis virus) | TGEV | Yes (pig) | Yes [42] | |||
| China Rattus coronavirus HKU24 | RtCoV-HKU24 | Yes (rat) | Yes [46] | β-CoV | ||
| * Human coronavirus HKU1 | HCoV-HKU1 | Yes | Yes [28,29] | |||
| * Murine coronavirus (Murine hepatitis coronavirus) | MHV | Yes (mouse) | No [47] | |||
| Bat Hp-betacoronavirus Zhejiang2013 | BtHpCoV-ZJ13 | Yes | Yes [8] | |||
| Hedgehog coronavirus 1 | EriCoV-1 | Yes (hedgehog) | No [48] | |||
| * Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus | MERSr-CoV | Yes | Yes | Yes [49,50] | ||
| Pipistrellus bat coronavirus HKU5 | BtPiCoV-HKU5 | Yes | Yes [38,39,49,51,52] | |||
| Tylonycteris bat coronavirus HKU4 | BtTyCoV-HKU4 | Yes | Yes [36,38,39,49,50,51] | |||
| Rousettus bat coronavirus GCCDC1 | # BtEoCoV-GCCDC1 | Yes | Yes [53,54,55] | |||
| Rousettus bat coronavirus HKU9 | BtRoCoV-HKU9 | Yes | Yes [39,55,56,57] | |||
| * Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus | SARSr-CoV | Yes | Yes | Yes [7,8,20,21,22,27,37,40,45,58,59,60,61,62,63,64] | ||
| * Betacoronavirus 1 (Human coronavirus OC43) | HCoV-OC43 | Yes | Yes [28,29] | |||
| Wigeon coronavirus HKU20 | WiCoV-HKU20 | Yes (bird) | Yes [65] | δ-CoV | ||
| Bulbul coronavirus HKU11 | BuCoV-HKU11 | Yes (bird) | Yes [65] | |||
| Coronavirus HKU15 | PoCoV-HKU15 | Yes (pig) | Yes [66] | |||
| Munia coronavirus HKU13 | MuCoV-HKU13 | Yes (bird) | Yes [65] | |||
| White-eye coronavirus HKU16 | WECoV-HKU13 | Yes (bird) | Yes [65] | |||
| Night heron coronavirus HKU19 | NHCoV-HKU19 | Yes (bird) | Yes [65] | |||
| Common moorhen coronavirus HKU21 | CMCoV-HKU21 | Yes (bird) | Yes [65] | |||
| *? Beluga whale coronavirus SW1 | BWCoV-SW1 | Yes (whale) | No [13] | γ-CoV | ||
| * Avian infectious bronchitis virus | IBV | Yes (bird) | Yes [12] |
* The disease-causing CoVs are indicated and the three zoonotic CoVs are in bold. *? BWCoV-SW1 was found in a sick whale, but whether it was the etiological agent of the infection was not proven. # Carrier of this virus was confirmed as Eonycteris spelaea, but not Rousettus bats. The virus was renamed accordingly.