Table 1.
Demographic characteristics and risk factors for pancreatic cancer among 1895 matched cases and controls on age groups, race and sex
| Cases (n = 957) | Controls (n = 938) | P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age groups (years)b,c | 0.28 | ||
| <50 | 108 (11.3) | 125 (13.3) | |
| 50–59 | 253 (26.4) | 268 (28.6) | |
| 60–69 | 386 (40.3) | 348 (37.1) | |
| ≥70 | 210 (21.9) | 197 (21.0) | |
| Raceb | 0.18 | ||
| White | 856 (89.5) | 855 (91.2) | |
| Hispanic | 51 (5.3) | 51 (5.4) | |
| African American | 41 (4.3) | 29 (3.1) | |
| Other | 9 (0.9) | 3 (0.3) | |
| Sexb | 0.38 | ||
| Males | 566 (59.1) | 536 (57.1) | |
| Education level | 0.001 | ||
| Less than or equal to high school | 243 (25.4) | 198 (21.1) | |
| Some college/technical or vocational school | 253 (26.4) | 294 (31.3) | |
| College graduate | 233 (24.4) | 273 (29.1) | |
| Postgraduate | 224 (23.4) | 171 (18.2) | |
| Missing | 4 (0.4) | 2 (0.2) | |
| History of diabetesc | <0.0001 | ||
| No diabetes history | 716 (74.8) | 838 (89.3) | |
| Yes, shorter duration (<6 years) | 166 (17.4) | 46 (4.9) | |
| Yes, longer duration (≥6 years) | 71 (7.4) | 49 (5.2) | |
| Yes, unknown duration | 1 (0.1) | 5 (0.5) | |
| Unknown status | 3 (0.3) | 0 (0) | |
| Smoking statusc | <0.0001 | ||
| Non-smokers | 427 (44.6) | 494 (52.7) | |
| Former smokers, quit <10 years | 60 (6.3) | 48 (5.1) | |
| Former smokers, quit ≥10 years | 201 (21.0) | 275 (29.3) | |
| Former smokers, unknown quit years | 29 (3.0) | 6 (0.6) | |
| Current smokers, pack-years <21 | 94 (9.8) | 40 (4.3) | |
| Current smokers, pack-years ≥21 | 143 (14.9) | 73 (7.8) | |
| Missing smoking status | 3 (0.3) | 2 (0.2) | |
| BMI at age 30s (kg/m2)c | <0.0001 | ||
| Underweight | 13 (1.4) | 23 (2.5) | |
| Normal | 393 (41.1) | 391 (41.7) | |
| Overweight | 246 (25.7) | 201 (21.4) | |
| Obese | 81 (8.5) | 39 (4.2) | |
| Missing | 224 (23.4) | 284 (30.3) | |
| Family history of pancreatic cancer | 0.0001 | ||
| Yes | 57 (6.0) | 20 (2.1) | |
| No | 892 (93.2) | 912 (97.2) | |
| Missing | 8 (0.8) | 6 (0.7) | |
| Alcohol drinks per day | <0.0001 | ||
| 0 | 406 (42.4) | 426 (45.4) | |
| 0–3 | 396 (41.4) | 433 (46.2) | |
| >3 | 152 (15.9) | 79 (8.4) | |
| Missing | 3 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) |
a P value was calculated with chi-square test.
bMatching factors in this study.
cPercentage may not add up to 100% for cases and controls because of rounding.