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. 2019 Apr 8;9(4):69. doi: 10.3390/metabo9040069

Figure 4.

Figure 4

In vitro metabolism of gastrodin by intestinal microbiota. (A,B) Concentration-dependent metabolism of gastrodin. Following incubation of various concentrations of gastrodin with 0.5 g/mL intestinal contents prepared from vehicle- and antibiotics-treated rats at 37°C for 4 h, gastrodin and 4-HBA were extracted with methanol containing 10 ng/mL tolbutamide and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Asterisks (**) indicate the value is significantly different from corresponding control at p < 0.01. (C,D) Intestinal content-dependent metabolism of gastrodin. Following incubation of 200 µM of gastrodin with various concentrations of intestinal contents prepared from vehicle- and antibiotics-treated rats at 37 °C for 4 h, gastrodin and 4-HBA were extracted with methanol containing 10 ng/mL tolbutamide and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Asterisks (**) indicate the value is significantly different from corresponding control at p < 0.01. (E,F) Metabolism of gastrodin over time by intestinal microbiota. Following incubation of 200 µM gastrodin with 0.5 g/mL intestinal contents prepared from vehicle- and antibiotics-treated rats at 37 °C for various time points, gastrodin and 4-HBA were extracted with methanol containing 10 ng/mL tolbutamide and analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Asterisks (**) indicate the value is significantly different from corresponding controls at p < 0.01.