Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with different OSA clinical phenotypes.
| All patients (n = 2649) |
CeVD + DM (n = 242) |
CAD + DM (n = 396) |
CeVD (n = 972) |
CAD (n = 1039) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Older age (≥ 65) | 1332 (50) | 89 (37) | 147 (37) | 315 (32) | 374 (36) | 0.218 |
| Male | 2144 (81) | 181 (75) | 326(82) | 741 (76) | 896 (86) | < 0.001 |
| Asian | 1673 (63) | 181 (75) | 139 (35) | 832 (86) | 521 (50) | < 0.001 |
| Current smokera | 404 (15) | 37 (15) | 42 (11) | 189 (19) | 136 (13) | < 0.001 |
| Frequent alcohol consumptionb | 676 (26) | 42 (17) | 92 (23) | 200 (21) | 342 (33) | < 0.001 |
| Body mass index, > 30 kg/m2 | 843 (32) | 73 (30) | 187 (47) | 232 (24) | 351 (34) | < 0.001 |
| Systolic BP, > 140 mm Hg | 733 (28) | 91 (38) | 119 (30) | 277 (29) | 246 (24) | < 0.001 |
| AHI, ≥ 30 events/h | 1079 (41) | 95 (39) | 132 (33) | 488 (50) | 364 (35) | < 0.001 |
| ST90 ≥ 9.5 minc | 1317 (50) | 110 (45) | 215 (54) | 480 (49) | 512 (49) | 0.158 |
| ESS score > 10 | 544 (21) | 52 (21) | 94 (24) | 168 (17) | 230 (22) | 0.014 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1306 (49) | 242 (100) | 29 (7) | 972 (100) | 63 (6) | < 0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 1451 (55) | 0 (0) | 396 (100) | 16 (2) | 1039 (100) | < 0.001 |
| Revascularisation | 1146 (43) | 8 (3) | 336 (85) | 10 (1) | 792 (76) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 2079 (78) | 209 (86) | 333 (84) | 724 (74) | 813 (78) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 788 (30) | 241 (100) | 394 (99) | 65 (7) | 88 (8) | < 0.001 |
| Medications | ||||||
| Antihypertensive | 2069 (78) | 189 (78) | 374 (94) | 594 (61) | 912 (88) | < 0.001 |
| Statin or other lipid lowering | 1550 (59) | 115 (48) | 333 (84) | 296 (30) | 806 (78) | < 0.001 |
| Antidiabetic | 638 (24) | 242 (100) | 396 (100) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |
| Antithrombotic | 1997 (75) | 173 (71) | 374 (94) | 534 (55) | 916 (88) | < 0.001 |
Data are n (%) for categorical variables. AHI indicates apnoea-hypopnea index; BP, blood pressure; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; CAD, coronary artery disease; CeVD, cerebrovascular disease; DM, diabetes mellitus; ESS, Epworth Sleepiness Scale.
a
Smoking cigarettes at least some days during the week.
b
Drinking alcohol once a week or more.
c
Sleep time with oxygen saturation level below 90%.