TABLE 6.

Verifiability of criteria

Verifiability status	Description	Examples of criteria
Easy	Only one source must be consulted in order to verify the criterion; no subjective judgement is required	ISSNs should be clearly displayed (DOAJ)
		The publisher displays prominent statements that promise rapid publication and/or unusually quick peer review (Cabell’s blacklist)
Intermediate	Several sources must be consulted or contact with the journal/publisher is required in order to verify the criterion; no subjective judgement is required	The publisher makes unauthorized use of licensed images on their website, without permission or licensing from the copyright owners (Beall’s list)
		The journal does not indicate that there are any fees associated with publication, review, submission, etc., but the author is charged a fee after submitting a manuscript (Cabell’s blacklist)
Difficult	Subjective judgement is required in order to verify the criterion	Articles published in the journal must be relevant to current priorities in its field and be of interest to the academic community (Cabell’s whitelist)
		The publisher dedicates insufficient resources to preventing and eliminating author misconduct (Beall’s list)