Abstract
Objectives
Dietary pattern has more influence than single food or nutrient on development of chronic diseases. This study aimed to examine the relationship between dietary patterns and dyslipidemia risk using 12-year follow-up cohort data.
Methods
This study population consisted of middle-aged adults (40–69 years at baseline, n = 10,030) of Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) cohort that was initiated in 2001. The follow-up examinations are conducted biennially. Dietary intake was assessed using validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis based on frequency (per week) of 36 food groups. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model.
Results
Three dietary patterns were identified, namely “whole grain and soybean products” pattern, “low carbohydrate and variety” pattern, and “bread and noodle” pattern. During the 12-year follow-up period, 1429 and 1420 subjects were newly diagnosed with hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia respectively. High intake of a “whole grain and soybean products” pattern (rich in whole grain, soybeans, tofu, soybean paste etc.) decreased hypertriglyceridemia incidence (HR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.66–0.95, p for trend = 0.008) and showed a tendency to reduce hypercholesterolemial risk.
Conclusions
A high intake of whole grain and soybean products may have beneficial effect on dyslipidemia.
Funding Sources
Korea Food Research Institute.