Figure 3. Physical Functioning Assessed by the 100-Point 36-Item Short Form Physical Component Score Among Patients With Chronic Noncancer Pain Who Received Opioids vs Placebo in 51 High-Quality Randomized Clinical Trials.

The blue line represents the minimally important difference of 5 points on the 100-point 36-item Short Form physical component score. The dashed vertical line represents the overall pooled measure of association.

^aWithin-group change from baseline data.

^bBetween-group differences in change from baseline data.

^cWeights are from random-effects analyses.

^dComparison was morphine plus gabapentin vs gabapentin alone.

^eComparison was morphine plus nortriptyline vs nortriptyline alone.