Table 2.
Frequency of treatable traits in severe and mild/moderate asthma, ordered by trait category and then trait frequency in severe asthma cohort
| Trait category | Treatable trait | Severe asthma (combined) | Severe smoking/ex‐smoking asthma | Severe nonsmoking asthma | Mild/moderate nonsmoking asthma | Severe smoking/ex‐smoking vs severe nonsmoking asthma | Mild/moderate vs severe nonsmoking |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subjects, n | 421 | 110 | 311 | 88 | |||
| Pulmonary | Exercise‐induced respiratory symptoms, n (%) | 352/421 (84) | 91/110 (83) | 261/311 (84) | 56/88 (64) | P = 0.085 | P < 0.001 |
| Cough, n (%) | 246/387 (64) | 65/98 (66) | 181/289 (63) | 19/87 (22) | P = 0.511 | P < 0.001 | |
| Fixed airflow limitation, n (%) | 245/415 (59) | 73/109 (67) | 172/306 (56) | 17/85 (20) | P = 0.050 | P < 0.001 | |
| Bronchodilator reversibility, n (%) | 244/415 (59) | 74/109 (68) | 170/306 (56) | 33/85 (39) | P = 0.025 | P = 0.006 | |
| Bronchitis, n (%) | 214/421 (51) | 57/110 (52) | 157/311 (51) | 16/88 (18) | P = 0.810 | P < 0.001 | |
| Type 2 inflammation, n (%) | 184/421 (44) | 50/110 (45) | 134/311 (43) | 30/88 (34) | P = 0.667 | P = 0.130 | |
| Neutrophilic inflammation, n (%) | 73/181 (40) | 20/53 (38) | 53/128 (41) | 13/43 (30) | P = 0.647 | P = 0.193 | |
| Extra‐pulmonary | Atopic, n (%) | 298/421 (71) | 68/110 (62) | 230/311 (74) | 79/88 (90) | P = 0.016 | P = 0.002 |
| Rhinosinusitis, n (%) | 204/421 (48) | 48/110 (44) | 156/311 (50) | 35/88 (40) | P = 0.239 | P = 0.085 | |
| Obese, n (%) | 164/421 (39) | 44/110 (40) | 120/311 (39) | 16/88 (18) | P = 0.794 | P < 0.001 | |
| Reflux, n (%) | 152/421 (36) | 50/110 (46) | 102/311 (33) | 10/88 (11) | P = 0.018 | P < 0.001 | |
| Obstructive sleep apnoea, n (%) | 95/372 (26) | 26/95 (27) | 69/277 (25) | 9/85 (11) | P = 0.635 | P = 0.005 | |
| Osteoporosis, n (%) | 94/421 (22) | 24/110 (22) | 70/311 (23) | 3/88 (3) | P = 0.881 | P < 0.001 | |
| Eczema, n (%) | 76/421 (18) | 19/110 (17) | 57/311 (18) | 10/88 (11) | P = 0.805 | P = 0.123 | |
| Nasal polyps, n (%) | 58/421 (14) | 14/110 (13) | 44/311 (14) | 1/88 (1) | P = 0.710 | P = 0.001 | |
| Vocal cord dysfunction, n (%) | 17/421 (4) | 5/110 (5) | 12/311 (4) | 1/88 (1) | P = 0.753 | P = 0.204 | |
| Cardiovascular disease, n (%) | 9/421 (2) | 5/110 (5) | 4/311 (1) | 0/88 (0) | P = 0.042 | P = 0.285 | |
| Underweight, n (%) | 2/421 (1) | 0/110 (0) | 2/311 (1) | 2/88(2) | P = 0.399 | P = 0.175 | |
| Behavioural/psychosocial | Poor medication adherence, n (%) | 147/372 (40) | 38/94 (40) | 109/278 (39) | 44/84 (52) | P = 0.835 | P = 0.032 |
| Anxiety, n (%) | 65/295 (22) | 16/72 (22) | 49/223 (22) | 4/70 (6) | P = 0.965 | P = 0.002 | |
| Depression, n (%) | 39/295 (13) | 13/72 (18) | 26/223 (12) | 2/70 (3) | P = 0.164 | P = 0.029 | |
| Smoking, n (%) | 42/421 (10) | 42/110 (38) | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | |
| Psychiatric disease, n (%) | 32/421 (8) | 14/110 (13) | 18/311 (6) | 0/88 (0) | P = 0.018 | P = 0.021 |
Data are expressed as n/N (%). Differences between cohorts determined using Chi‐squared test.