Table 4.

Posterior means (and 95% credible intervals) for variance and covariance components estimated from a bivariate GLMM of choroidal thickness and modified Clinical Age-Related Maculopathy Staging (CARMS) category. Repeatability (R=V_a+V_pe/(V_a+V_pe+V_e)), heritability (H²= V_a/(V_a+V_pe+V_e) and genetic correlation between choroidal thickness and CARMS category (r_A=Cov_1,2/√(V_A1*V_A2) are shown where V_a is genetic variance, V_pe is permanent environmental variance, V_e is the residual variance and Cov₁₂ is the genetic covariance between traits.

Trait	Genetic variance (VA)	Permanent individual variance (Vpe)	Residual variance (Ve)	Heritability (H2)	Genetic covariance (Cov1,2)	Genetic correlation (rA)
Choroidal thickness	1540.85 (850.90–2273.01)	1479.79 (889.49–2031.82)	857.21 (769.19–951.88)	0.40 (0.24–0.56)	−18.43 (−53.02-16.48)	−0.18 (−0.49 - 0.16)
CARMS category	7.00 (3.01–11.12)	6.08 (2.77–9.26)	1 (fixed)	0.49 (0.26 – 0.72)