Skip to main content
Clinical Cardiology logoLink to Clinical Cardiology
. 2006 Dec 5;26(9):443–445. doi: 10.1002/clc.4960260914

The heart‐lung machine was invented twice—the first time by Max von Frey

J Willis Hurst 1, W Bruce Fye 1, Heinz‐Gerd Zimmer 1,
PMCID: PMC6654655  PMID: 14524605

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (135.0 KB).

References

  • 1. Zimmer H‐G: The isolated perfused heart and its pioneers. News Physiol Sci 1998; 13: 203–210 [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 2. Rothschuh KE: Geschichte der Physiologie, p. 156 Berlin, Göttingen, Heidelberg: Springer Verlag, 1953. [Google Scholar]
  • 3. von Frey M, Gruber M: Untersuchungen über den Stoffwechsel isolirter Organe. I. Ein Respirationsapparat für isolirte Organe. Arch Anat Physiol 1885; 519–532 [Google Scholar]
  • 4. Gibbon JH: Development of the artificial heart and lung extracorporeal blood circuit. J Am Med Assoc 1968; 206: 1983–1986 [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 5. Gibbon JH: Artificial maintenance of circulation during experimental occlusion of pulmonary artery. Arch Surg 1937; 34: 1105–1131 [Google Scholar]
  • 6. Gibbon JH: Application of a mechanical heart and lung apparatus to cardiac surgery. Minn Med 1954; 37: 171–180 [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Clinical Cardiology are provided here courtesy of Wiley

RESOURCES