The maintenance of new inwardly rectifying AMPA currents is dependent on protein synthesis. A, Blocking protein synthesis with CHX (25 μM) had no effect on sEPSC frequency in SON neurons from control rats, but reversed the increase in sEPSC frequency induced in SON neurons by salt loading to the control baseline level (one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test). B, Blocking protein synthesis with CHX (NaCl+ CHX) eliminated the increase in eEPSC inward rectification seen in SON neurons from salt-loaded rats (NaCl) compared to SON neurons from control rats. C, CHX had no effect on the rectification index in eEPSCs in SON neurons from control rats (control+CHX), but reversed the increase in the rectification index (NaCl+CHX) and occluded the effect of NAS (NaCl+CHX+NAS) in SON neurons from salt-loaded rats. Inhibition of gene transcription with ACT (25 μM) had no effect on the eEPSC rectification index (NaCl+ACT) and did not prevent the NAS-induced reduction in the rectification index (NaCl+ACT+NAS) in neurons from salt-loaded rats. D, E, Blocking mTOR activity with rapamycin (NaCl+Rapa) blocked the eEPSC inward rectification induced by salt loading and returned the eEPSC rectification index to the control level (one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test); *p < 0.05.