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. 2019 Jul 29;19:267–280. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.07.039

Figure 4.

Figure 4

GFP-TMEM88 Inhibits Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Downstream of β-Catenin Destruction Complex and Upstream of β-Catenin

(A) TOP-flash luciferase reporter activity normalized to Renilla luciferase levels in control or Wnt3a-treated HEK293T cells transfected with plasmid vectors expressing GFP-TMEM88, GFP-TMEM88ΔC, or equimolar amount of GFP (control). Error bars, SEM. N = 4.

(B) TOP-flash luciferase reporter activity normalized to Renilla luciferase levels in CHIR-treated Dishevelled triple knockout (DVL TKO) HEK293T cells transfected with plasmid vectors expressing GFP-TMEM88, GFP-TMEM88ΔC, or equimolar amount of GFP (control). Error bars, SEM. N = 3.

(C) TOP-flash luciferase reporter activity normalized to Renilla luciferase levels in CHIR99021-treated HEK293T cells transfected with plasmid vectors expressing GFP-TMEM88, GFPTMEM88ΔC, or equimolar amount of GFP (control). Error bars, SEM. N = 3.

(D) TOP-flash/mutant TCF-binding sites (FOP)-flash luciferase reporter activity normalized to Renilla luciferase levels in HCT116 cells transfected with plasmid vectors expressing GFP-TMEM88, GFP-TMEM88ΔC, or equimolar amount of GFP (control). Error bars, SEM. N = 3.

All relative luciferase unit values were normalized to the negative control (control GFP vector-transfected cells treated with vehicle). A control vector/FOP-flash-transfected HCT116 was used as a negative control for normalization in (D). Graphs show mean ± SEM. N.S., non-significant; ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.