Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Data in Brief logoLink to Data in Brief
. 2019 Aug 8;25:104327. doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104327

Data relating to spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in terrestrial soils of Pakistan and King George Island, Antarctica

Siwatt Pongpiachan a,∗, Woranuch Deelaman b, Chomsri Choochuay b, Natthapong Iadtem b, Vanisa Surapipith c,f, Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi c, Muhammad Latif c, Muhammad Sohail d, Syed Ali Musstjab Akber Shah Eqani d, Teetat Charoenkalunyuta g, Kittiphop Promdee e,∗∗
PMCID: PMC6710639  PMID: 31467951

Abstract

Over the past few decades, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been analysed in various environmental compartments, however, only limited information is available associated with their terrestrial concentrations in Pakistan and Antarctica. All terrestrial soils from Pakistan (n = 120) were collected from 14th to 2nd April 2017 at Islamabad (n = 30), Abbotabad (n = 10), Taxilla (n = 5), and other places from north to south (n = 75). All Antarctic terrestrial soils (n = 11) were collected from 1st to 25th February 2018 in the southwestern part of King George Island. It is crucial to underline that all samples were both qualitatively and quantitatively identified by using a Shimadzu GCMS-QP2010 Ultra system coupled with a high-speed performance system with ASSP function (i.e., achieving maximum scan speed of 20,000 u sec−1) and having ultra-fast data acquisition speed for comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC). Analytical results implicate the influences of vehicle exhausts as a major contributor of PAHs in terrestrial soils of Pakistan. It seems rationale to conclude that 3-ring PAHs display the majority of PAH congeners in terrestrial soils of King George Island.

Keywords: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), Terrestrial soils, Pakistan, King george island, Antarctica

Specifications Table

Subject area Environmental Sciences
More specific subject area Environmental Chemistry
Type of data Table, text file, graph, figure
How data was acquired Soxhlet extraction and Shimadzu GCMS-QP2010 Ultra system coupled with a high-speed performance system with ASSP function [1]
Data format Raw data, analysed.
Experimental factors Sampling protocol precautions, sample preparation, and quality control/quality assurance (QA/QC) were comprehensively documented in United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) Method 5035 for soil sampling and will not be mentioned here [2]. Chemical extraction is performed in Soxhlet equipment with dichloromethane and hexane [3].
Experimental features PAH congeners applying GC-MS.
Data source locations All samples were collected from terrestrial soils located at Hunza,
Gilgit, Skardu, Kalam Swat, Gulibagh Swat, Malamjaba Swat, Swabi, Nowshera, Mianwali, Bhakkar, Layyah, D.G Khan, Sukkar, Khairpur, Hyderabad, Abbottabad, Mansehra, Murree, Islamabad, and King George Island.
Data accessibility Data available within article.
Open in a new tab
Value of the data
  • •

    PAHs with low biodegradability and high persistency in environment, which is acknowledged as priority pollutants by US EPA as a consequence of its carcinogenic and mutagenic impacts therefore applying the suitable policy is the requirement to control PAHs and reducing of its concern. Data can be used as to facilitate policy and decision making process in order to control and decreasing the level of PAH contamination present in the terrestrial soils of Pakistan and King George Island, Antarctica.

  • •

    Since long range atmospheric transportation is responsible for POPs contamination of pristine and sensitive environments, a long term monitoring of PAH congeners is therefore essentially crucial for conducting environmental risk assessment at King George Island, Antarctica.

  • •

    Data exhibited here may serve as benchmarks for other scientific communities focusing in the field of ecological toxicology to evaluate human expose to PAHs via dietary, inhalation, and dermal contact in Pakistan and King George Island, Antarctica.

  • •

    The present data offers detailed information on molecular fingerprints of soil PAHs as obtained through GC/MS-MS. Further investigations for source identifications can be conducted by using diagnostic binary ratios of PAHs provided by this study.

  • •

    Data set of PAHs collected at King George Island, Antarctica can be used to conduct the source apportionment (e.g. principal component analysis (PCA), positive matrix factorization (PMF), and UNMIX) of PAHs in terrestrial soils of Pakistan and King George Island.

Open in a new tab

1. Data

Table 1 and Table 2 demonstrate sampling positions of terrestrial soil samples collected from Pakistan and King George Island, respectively. Table 3, Table 4 and Table 5, Table 6 are presenting the concentrations of PAHs collected at Pakistan and King George Island, respectively.

Table 1.

Sampling positions of terrestrial soils in Pakistan.

No. Latitude Longitude
I1 33.6997 N 73.0092 E
I2 33.7192 N 73.0464 E
I3 33.7042 N 73.0578 E
I4 33.6978 N 73.0617 E
I5 33.6922 N 73.0664 E
I6 33.6803 N 73.0758 E
I7 33.6628 N 73.0842 E
I8 33.6656 N 73.0867 E
I9 33.6564 N 73.0942 E
I10 33.6575 N 73.0928 E
I11 33.6439 N 73.1028 E
I12 33.6364 N 73.1086 E
I13 33.6272 N 73.1153 E
I14 33.6206 N 73.1203 E
I15 33.6114 N 73.1272 E
I16 33.6028 N 73.1336 E
I17 33.5967 N 73.1381 E
I18 33.5944 N 73.1378 E
I19 33.5828 N 73.1486 E
I20 33.5719 N 73.1564 E
I21 33.5669 N 73.1603 E
I22 33.5589 N 73.1664 E
I23 33.5517 N 73.1717 E
I24 33.5411 N 73.1794 E
I25 33.5344 N 73.1811 E
I26 33.5292 N 73.1806 E
I27 33.5183 N 73.1794 E
I28 33.5078 N 73.1833 E
I29 33.4886 N 73.1972 E
I30 33.4686 N 73.1997 E
AB1 34.2006 N 73.2383 E
AB2 34.1844 N 73.2317 E
AB3 34.1792 N 73.2289 E
AB4 34.1711 N 73.2256 E
AB5 34.1961 N 73.2342 E
AB6 34.1997 N 73.2378 E
AB7 34.1225 N 73.1853 E
AB8 34.1083 N 73.1722 E
AB9 34.0558 N 73.1492 E
AB10 34.0228 N 73.1058 E
TA1 34.7039 N 72.8244 E
TA2 33.7458 N 72.8183 E
TA3 33.7692 N 72.8642 E
TA4 33.7686 N 72.8633 E
TA5 33.7114 N 72.8150 E
SA-TOP 34.9200 N 73.1300 E
SA-10 34.9200 N 73.1300 E
SA-20 34.9200 N 73.1300 E
SA-30 34.9200 N 73.1300 E
SB-TOP 34.2000 N 73.1200 E
SB-10 34.2000 N 73.1200 E
SB-20 34.2000 N 73.1200 E
SB-30 34.2000 N 73.1200 E
SC-TOP 33.9000 N 73.3900 E
SC-10 33.9000 N 73.3900 E
SC-20 33.9000 N 73.3900 E
SC-30 33.9000 N 73.3900 E
SD-TOP 33.4300 N 73.0400 E
SD-10 33.4300 N 73.0400 E
SD-20 33.4300 N 73.0400 E
SD-30 33.4300 N 73.0400 E
S1-TOP 36.3167 N 74.6500 E
S1-10 36.3167 N 74.6500 E
S1-20 36.3167 N 74.6500 E
S1-30 36.3167 N 74.6500 E
S2-TOP 35.9219 N 74.2892 E
S2-10 35.9219 N 74.2892 E
S2-20 35.9219 N 74.2892 E
S2-30 35.9219 N 74.2892 E
S3-TOP 35.3000 N 75.6167 E
S3-10 35.3000 N 75.6167 E
S3-20 35.3000 N 75.6167 E
S3-30 35.3000 N 75.6167 E
S4-TOP 35.3833 N 72.1833 E
S4-10 35.3833 N 72.1833 E
S4-20 35.3833 N 72.1833 E
S4-30 35.3833 N 72.1833 E
S5-TOP 35.3700 N 72.2130 E
S5-10 35.3700 N 72.2130 E
S5-20 35.3700 N 72.2130 E
S5-30 35.3700 N 72.2130 E
S6-TOP 35.3300 N 72.1130 E
S6-10 35.3300 N 72.1130 E
S6-20 35.3300 N 72.1130 E
S6-30 35.3300 N 72.1130 E
S7-TOP 34.1167 N 72.4667 E
S7-10 34.1167 N 72.4667 E
S7-20 34.1167 N 72.4667 E
S7-30 34.1167 N 72.4667 E
S8-TOP 34.0153 N 71.9747 E
S8-10 34.0153 N 71.9747 E
S8-20 34.0153 N 71.9747 E
S8-30 34.0153 N 71.9747 E
S9-TOP 32.5854 N 71.5436 E
S9-10 32.5854 N 71.5436 E
S9-20 32.5854 N 71.5436 E
S9-30 32.5854 N 71.5436 E
S10-TOP 31.6333 N 71.0667 E
S10-20 31.6333 N 71.0667 E
S10-30 31.6333 N 71.0667 E
S11-TOP 30.9602 N 70.9423 E
S11-10 30.9602 N 70.9423 E
S11-20 30.9602 N 70.9423 E
S11-30 30.9602 N 70.9423 E
S12-TOP 30.0500 N 70.6333 E
S12-10 30.0500 N 70.6333 E
S12-20 30.0500 N 70.6333 E
S12-30 30.0500 N 70.6333 E
S13-TOP 27.7056 N 68.8472 E
S13-10 27.7056 N 68.8472 E
S13-20 27.7056 N 68.8472 E
S13-30 27.7056 N 68.8472 E
S14-TOP 27.3200 N 68.4600 E
S14-10 27.3200 N 68.4600 E
S14-20 27.3200 N 68.4600 E
S14-30 27.3200 N 68.4600 E
S15-TOP 25.3800 N 68.3700 E
S15-10 25.3800 N 68.3700 E
S15-20 25.3800 N 68.3700 E
S15-30 25.3800 N 68.3700 E
Open in a new tab

Table 2.

Sampling positions of terrestrial soils in King George Island, sub Antarctica.

No. Latitude Longitude
1 62.209667 S 58.967972 W
2 62.209583 S 58.967333 W
3 62.226278 S 58.950583 W
4 62.207667 S 58.959361 W
5 62.211389 S 58.935222 W
6 62.218639 S 58.971972 W
7 62.195611 S 58.970972 W
8 62.190972 S 58.974250 W
9 62.196500 S 58.993306 W
10 62.208083 S 58.960750 W
11 62.207778 S 58.959167 W
Open in a new tab

Table 3.

PAH congener concentrations (pg g−1) of Phe, An, Fluo, Pyr, 11H-B[a]F, 11H-B[b]F, and B[a]A in terrestrial soils of Pakistan.

Phe An Fluo Pyr 11H-B[a]F 11H-B[b]F B[a]A
IS1 2.66E+03 3.23E+02 1.27E+03 1.16E+03 2.87E+02 1.16E+02 4.11E+02
IS2 9.75E+02 1.36E+02 6.70E+02 6.15E+02 2.67E+02 1.57E+02 3.16E+02
IS3 2.94E+03 3.64E+02 1.26E+03 1.13E+03 3.52E+02 1.28E+02 2.85E+02
IS4 3.48E+03 4.95E+02 2.42E+03 2.06E+03 4.75E+02 1.07E+02 7.57E+02
IS5 1.74E+03 1.80E+02 1.33E+03 1.08E+03 1.49E+02 3.71E+01 3.65E+02
IS6 1.01E+03 6.91E+01 7.87E+02 7.87E+02 1.22E+02 5.20E+01 1.80E+02
IS7 8.81E+02 8.87E+01 7.77E+02 6.02E+02 6.61E+02 4.27E+02 1.56E+02
IS8 1.32E+03 1.32E+02 1.58E+03 1.66E+03 9.69E+02 5.60E+02 4.71E+02
IS9 1.41E+03 1.73E+02 1.89E+03 1.48E+03 7.15E+02 3.66E+02 5.77E+02
IS10 1.81E+03 2.04E+02 1.61E+03 1.49E+03 9.80E+02 5.40E+02 5.80E+02
IS11 1.60E+03 1.45E+02 1.38E+03 1.59E+03 2.58E+02 9.22E+01 4.30E+02
IS12 1.20E+03 1.52E+02 8.90E+02 9.26E+02 1.47E+02 2.19E+01 1.43E+02
IS13 8.01E+02 8.29E+01 6.00E+02 4.38E+02 9.80E+01 3.08E+01 1.05E+02
IS14 5.36E+03 3.69E+02 1.87E+03 1.66E+03 3.34E+02 4.89E+01 3.52E+02
IS15 9.13E+02 9.38E+01 5.11E+02 4.45E+02 5.06E+01 8.85E+00 8.96E+01
IS16 1.45E+03 7.60E+01 5.45E+02 7.56E+02 7.97E+01 4.39E+01 8.05E+01
IS17 1.62E+03 1.70E+02 1.42E+03 1.02E+03 2.02E+02 3.53E+01 3.08E+02
IS18 1.53E+03 1.92E+02 1.17E+03 9.38E+02 1.89E+02 5.58E+01 3.01E+02
IS19 1.01E+03 9.78E+01 3.91E+02 2.63E+02 6.70E+01 1.08E+01 5.59E+01
IS20 5.19E+02 6.76E+01 2.65E+02 1.96E+02 5.08E+01 1.12E+01 4.11E+01
IS21 1.60E+03 1.85E+02 8.73E+02 7.48E+02 1.39E+02 3.47E+01 1.64E+02
IS22 1.22E+03 1.41E+02 8.03E+02 6.04E+02 1.26E+02 2.01E+01 1.77E+02
IS23 6.52E+02 8.13E+01 3.00E+02 2.15E+02 4.78E+01 1.04E+01 4.71E+01
IS24 2.56E+03 2.60E+02 3.49E+03 3.06E+03 5.31E+02 1.11E+02 1.16E+03
IS25 6.80E+02 8.22E+01 3.36E+02 2.92E+02 3.59E+01 1.76E+01 7.44E+01
IS26 9.33E+02 1.57E+02 5.97E+02 4.93E+02 1.00E+02 1.72E+01 1.71E+02
IS27 5.17E+02 5.14E+01 1.71E+02 1.30E+02 1.26E+01 5.21E+00 1.92E+01
IS28 3.96E+03 7.12E+02 1.50E+04 1.22E+04 1.56E+03 1.87E+02 3.36E+03
IS29 5.54E+03 6.03E+02 3.07E+03 2.30E+03 3.47E+02 5.94E+01 6.21E+02
IS30 2.01E+03 1.83E+02 8.35E+02 7.19E+02 1.21E+02 3.24E+01 1.14E+02
AB1 3.20E+05 1.13E+05 4.31E+05 3.84E+05 1.74E+05 1.33E+05 3.42E+05
AB2 4.18E+03 6.86E+02 8.00E+03 6.42E+03 1.34E+03 4.15E+02 3.13E+03
AB3 6.38E+03 6.76E+02 6.38E+03 3.79E+03 6.80E+02 2.70E+02 9.22E+02
AB4 8.38E+03 1.50E+03 1.10E+04 1.05E+04 1.94E+03 6.70E+02 4.29E+03
AB5 4.81E+04 8.82E+03 7.38E+04 6.17E+04 1.09E+04 5.39E+03 2.78E+04
AB6 1.86E+03 2.35E+02 2.21E+03 1.90E+03 4.73E+02 8.60E+01 6.60E+02
AB7 2.46E+03 4.41E+02 2.81E+03 2.27E+03 8.14E+02 1.14E+03 1.30E+03
AB8 5.47E+03 8.24E+02 8.34E+03 7.07E+03 1.43E+03 3.43E+02 2.64E+03
AB9 2.57E+03 4.60E+02 4.74E+03 3.84E+03 5.88E+02 1.09E+02 1.46E+03
AB10 1.09E+04 1.63E+03 3.64E+04 2.92E+04 4.20E+03 9.30E+02 1.23E+04
TA1 3.75E+03 3.77E+02 3.12E+03 2.65E+03 4.92E+02 1.00E+02 1.14E+03
TA2 8.02E+03 1.82E+03 3.86E+04 3.22E+04 3.69E+03 3.03E+02 1.35E+04
TA3 8.02E+03 1.82E+03 3.86E+04 3.22E+04 3.69E+03 3.03E+02 1.35E+04
TA4 1.10E+04 6.30E+02 1.66E+04 1.49E+04 1.39E+03 6.26E+01 4.21E+03
TA5 1.06E+04 2.76E+03 4.67E+04 3.90E+04 5.23E+03 5.98E+02 2.33E+04
SA-TOP 3.23E+03 3.59E+02 2.60E+03 2.46E+03 8.26E+02 1.88E+02 1.73E+03
SA-10 5.93E+03 5.74E+02 4.87E+03 4.70E+03 1.45E+03 2.59E+02 2.06E+03
SA-20 1.96E+03 2.17E+02 2.15E+03 1.87E+03 3.76E+02 8.84E+01 7.20E+02
SA-30 3.28E+03 3.53E+02 3.05E+03 2.68E+03 8.14E+02 1.62E+02 1.28E+03
SB-TOP 2.27E+03 1.44E+02 7.12E+02 5.55E+02 1.32E+02 3.09E+01 1.32E+02
SB-10 2.55E+03 1.63E+02 1.06E+03 8.01E+02 2.25E+02 2.10E+01 1.23E+02
SB-20 1.79E+03 1.47E+02 6.34E+02 4.81E+02 1.09E+02 1.71E+01 6.29E+01
SB-30 1.68E+03 1.07E+02 7.09E+02 4.66E+02 9.54E+01 1.11E+01 6.10E+01
SC-TOP 2.65E+03 2.99E+02 2.18E+03 1.84E+03 5.19E+02 1.12E+02 8.49E+02
SC-10 3.77E+03 3.89E+02 4.94E+03 4.13E+03 9.23E+02 2.28E+02 1.99E+03
SC-20 1.29E+03 7.55E+01 4.18E+02 3.22E+02 8.66E+01 1.19E+01 3.55E+01
SC-30 2.01E+03 1.50E+02 4.76E+02 3.27E+02 6.07E+01 1.05E+01 4.22E+01
SD-TOP 1.80E+03 1.10E+02 1.29E+03 9.71E+02 1.46E+02 1.48E+01 1.63E+02
SD-10 2.20E+03 1.41E+02 1.46E+03 1.23E+03 1.98E+02 3.54E+01 3.07E+02
SD-20 3.29E+03 1.99E+02 1.95E+03 1.96E+03 4.42E+02 1.66E+02 9.26E+02
SD-30 1.78E+03 9.86E+01 7.69E+02 6.16E+02 1.20E+02 2.06E+01 1.10E+02
S1-TOP 2.15E+03 9.07E+01 8.11E+02 7.51E+02 2.69E+02 2.81E+01 1.93E+02
S1-10 2.08E+03 8.76E+01 5.83E+02 4.46E+02 1.18E+02 2.47E+01 8.14E+01
S1-20 2.77E+03 1.39E+02 1.08E+03 8.11E+02 1.52E+02 4.83E+01 1.41E+02
S1-30 3.68E+03 1.34E+02 1.11E+03 8.38E+02 2.05E+02 3.98E+01 2.34E+02
S2-TOP 4.06E+03 1.90E+02 1.63E+03 1.17E+03 1.96E+02 4.24E+01 1.97E+02
S2-10 3.43E+03 1.87E+02 1.67E+03 1.49E+03 2.39E+02 4.14E+01 3.41E+02
S2-20 3.03E+03 1.34E+02 1.12E+03 9.12E+02 1.77E+02 3.77E+01 2.52E+02
S2-30 3.45E+03 1.97E+02 1.17E+03 9.56E+02 1.50E+02 3.33E+01 1.18E+02
S3-TOP 2.69E+03 1.06E+02 7.39E+02 6.13E+02 8.96E+01 2.23E+01 6.22E+01
S3-10 1.68E+03 7.52E+01 4.70E+02 3.64E+02 6.30E+01 1.42E+01 2.62E+01
S3-20 1.89E+03 7.38E+01 4.91E+02 4.03E+02 6.21E+01 2.23E+01 2.33E+01
S3-30 1.45E+03 7.62E+01 4.30E+02 4.13E+02 5.47E+01 1.09E+01 2.76E+01
S4-TOP 4.55E+03 3.15E+02 1.87E+03 1.65E+03 3.07E+02 7.77E+01 6.13E+02
S4-10 3.00E+03 2.36E+02 1.57E+03 1.52E+03 3.05E+02 6.73E+01 6.44E+02
S4-20 6.30E+03 5.23E+02 2.05E+03 1.81E+03 3.03E+02 5.90E+01 4.02E+02
S4-30 2.91E+03 1.65E+02 1.27E+03 1.05E+03 2.00E+02 4.42E+01 3.47E+02
S5-TOP 2.36E+03 1.19E+02 6.35E+02 4.68E+02 8.59E+01 1.82E+01 3.74E+01
S5-10 3.32E+03 2.97E+02 2.05E+03 1.92E+03 4.24E+02 6.67E+01 7.90E+02
S5-20 2.29E+03 1.15E+02 6.15E+02 4.54E+02 8.32E+01 1.76E+01 3.62E+01
S5-30 2.79E+03 2.38E+02 1.42E+03 1.39E+03 3.10E+02 3.05E+01 5.23E+02
S6-TOP 2.79E+03 2.62E+02 1.25E+03 1.01E+03 2.36E+02 2.99E+01 3.26E+02
S6-10 2.83E+03 1.53E+02 9.05E+02 7.63E+02 1.76E+02 2.06E+01 4.74E+01
S6-20 8.57E+03 4.64E+02 1.65E+03 1.35E+03 1.66E+02 3.85E+01 6.40E+01
S6-30 2.35E+03 1.32E+02 5.45E+02 5.23E+02 7.49E+01 6.92E+00 3.55E+01
S7-TOP 1.97E+03 1.99E+02 1.08E+03 9.81E+02 1.60E+02 2.97E+01 2.45E+02
S7-10 1.74E+03 1.66E+02 7.82E+02 7.23E+02 1.55E+02 2.51E+01 1.91E+02
S7-20 2.37E+03 2.50E+02 3.35E+03 2.90E+03 5.24E+02 1.38E+02 1.70E+03
S7-30 1.23E+03 1.38E+02 5.01E+02 4.84E+02 1.01E+02 8.25E+00 7.75E+01
S8-TOP 3.59E+03 3.47E+02 2.04E+03 1.81E+03 2.44E+02 4.14E+01 4.28E+02
S8-10 1.85E+03 1.89E+02 1.99E+03 1.78E+03 2.41E+02 2.80E+01 5.25E+02
S8-20 1.91E+03 1.91E+02 2.07E+03 1.92E+03 2.63E+02 2.97E+01 5.52E+02
S8-30 6.11E+03 1.99E+02 1.74E+03 1.74E+03 3.27E+02 7.45E+01 6.62E+02
S9-TOP 4.98E+03 5.49E+02 2.01E+03 1.56E+03 2.79E+02 4.64E+01 2.84E+02
S9-10 2.33E+03 1.87E+02 1.05E+03 8.49E+02 1.90E+02 3.01E+01 2.30E+02
S9-20 4.57E+03 3.91E+02 1.72E+03 1.44E+03 2.62E+02 5.30E+01 3.27E+02
S9-30 4.67E+03 2.20E+02 2.13E+03 1.61E+03 2.53E+02 4.03E+01 4.28E+02
S10-TOP 1.34E+03 8.49E+01 7.06E+02 5.38E+02 1.26E+02 1.90E+01 1.24E+02
S10-20 2.47E+03 7.97E+01 6.80E+02 7.09E+02 6.42E+01 1.00E+01 4.60E+01
S10-30 2.26E+03 9.97E+01 5.48E+02 4.12E+02 6.36E+01 9.14E+00 2.75E+01
S11-TOP 3.80E+03 3.91E+02 2.59E+03 2.01E+03 4.34E+02 7.91E+01 1.19E+03
S11-10 4.20E+03 2.63E+02 1.08E+03 7.57E+02 1.57E+02 4.15E+01 9.24E+01
S11-20 4.04E+03 2.49E+02 1.05E+03 7.26E+02 1.27E+02 2.68E+01 6.00E+01
S11-30 2.37E+03 1.62E+02 6.89E+02 5.11E+02 1.13E+02 1.54E+01 6.88E+01
S12-TOP 2.05E+03 1.29E+02 4.65E+02 3.01E+02 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 1.01E+02
S12-10 9.94E+02 1.27E+02 9.40E+02 1.21E+03 3.30E+02 5.21E+01 5.87E+02
S12-20 1.95E+03 1.04E+02 7.43E+02 6.10E+02 2.51E+02 1.42E+01 1.24E+02
S12-30 2.73E+03 2.50E+02 5.65E+02 4.42E+02 7.28E+01 1.43E+01 8.36E+01
S13-TOP 3.56E+03 3.73E+02 1.23E+03 9.37E+02 1.12E+02 2.73E+01 9.99E+01
S13-10 2.58E+03 2.95E+02 7.68E+02 5.84E+02 9.86E+01 1.57E+01 9.37E+01
S13-20 1.98E+03 1.83E+02 1.93E+03 1.68E+03 2.46E+02 4.57E+01 5.14E+02
S13-30 2.22E+03 2.05E+02 8.11E+02 6.19E+02 1.33E+02 1.15E+01 7.07E+01
S14-TOP 1.39E+03 1.04E+02 9.83E+02 8.96E+02 1.73E+02 2.05E+01 1.91E+02
S14-10 1.84E+03 1.96E+02 9.56E+02 7.88E+02 1.17E+02 1.62E+01 9.66E+01
S14-20 2.21E+03 2.04E+02 8.09E+02 6.18E+02 1.33E+02 1.15E+01 7.05E+01
S14-30 7.04E+02 5.27E+01 2.91E+02 2.67E+02 4.93E+01 1.13E+01 4.47E+01
S15-TOP 1.54E+03 1.82E+02 2.72E+03 2.08E+03 3.05E+02 2.49E+01 8.70E+02
S15-10 1.26E+03 1.12E+02 7.02E+02 6.65E+02 1.17E+02 3.03E+01 1.86E+02
S15-20 1.10E+03 6.18E+01 7.53E+02 7.18E+02 1.02E+03 1.13E+02 5.37E+02
S15-30 1.20E+03 1.27E+02 6.07E+02 5.36E+02 1.58E+02 3.34E+01 1.94E+02
Open in a new tab

Table 4.

PAH congener concentrations (pg g−1) of Chry, B[b]F, B[k]F, B[e]P, B[a]P, Ind, D[a,h]A, and B[g,h,i]P in terrestrial soils of Pakistan.

Chry B[b]F B[k]F B[e]P B[a]P Ind D[a,h]A B[g,h,i]P
IS1 1.04E+05 1.49E+03 3.68E+03 1.08E+03 6.80E+02 1.31E+03 2.73E+02 1.97E+03
IS2 1.06E+05 5.88E+02 2.82E+03 4.13E+02 2.37E+02 3.10E+02 1.12E+02 4.16E+02
IS3 7.20E+04 1.10E+03 2.73E+03 6.66E+02 3.19E+02 5.60E+02 1.47E+02 1.04E+03
IS4 2.77E+03 2.41E+03 1.23E+03 1.46E+03 8.04E+02 1.42E+03 5.49E+02 2.54E+03
IS5 1.11E+03 1.01E+03 1.35E+03 8.26E+02 4.30E+02 6.93E+02 1.64E+02 1.22E+03
IS6 6.77E+02 5.38E+02 6.35E+02 3.64E+02 3.03E+02 3.32E+02 5.71E+01 5.91E+02
IS7 2.54E+05 3.88E+02 4.63E+03 2.80E+02 9.68E+01 2.55E+02 2.85E+01 3.97E+02
IS8 4.54E+05 1.15E+03 8.94E+03 1.33E+03 5.50E+02 7.93E+02 2.00E+02 1.45E+03
IS9 2.74E+05 1.43E+03 6.44E+03 9.33E+02 5.19E+02 8.05E+02 1.60E+02 1.13E+03
IS10 4.92E+05 1.13E+03 6.57E+03 7.70E+02 3.39E+02 6.36E+02 1.31E+02 1.10E+03
IS11 1.08E+03 1.10E+03 1.14E+03 8.86E+02 4.82E+02 7.94E+02 1.59E+02 1.62E+03
IS12 6.66E+02 5.91E+02 4.25E+02 3.31E+02 1.22E+02 3.17E+02 3.61E+01 4.89E+02
IS13 3.79E+02 3.37E+02 4.41E+02 1.69E+02 1.17E+02 1.58E+02 4.90E+01 2.23E+02
IS14 1.02E+03 5.92E+02 1.31E+03 3.22E+02 1.90E+02 2.20E+02 4.33E+01 3.23E+02
IS15 3.59E+02 3.27E+02 3.58E+02 2.13E+02 1.03E+02 1.65E+02 3.46E+01 2.69E+02
IS16 2.61E+02 3.88E+02 5.47E+02 1.89E+02 1.19E+02 1.49E+02 8.68E+01 2.12E+02
IS17 1.07E+03 8.48E+02 3.95E+02 4.83E+02 2.51E+02 5.01E+02 9.30E+01 7.55E+02
IS18 1.08E+03 3.23E+03 1.11E+03 1.29E+03 8.58E+02 1.76E+03 3.99E+02 2.17E+03
IS19 1.99E+02 1.67E+02 1.75E+02 8.85E+01 4.21E+01 8.67E+01 1.86E+01 1.10E+02
IS20 1.80E+02 2.81E+03 3.08E+03 1.66E+03 3.44E+02 1.26E+03 0.00E+00 1.40E+03
IS21 6.12E+02 1.43E+03 1.47E+03 9.45E+02 3.30E+02 7.27E+02 1.74E+02 1.49E+03
IS22 6.11E+02 2.70E+02 1.87E+02 1.61E+02 9.69E+01 1.76E+02 1.94E+02 2.66E+02
IS23 1.67E+02 3.12E+04 2.12E+04 1.75E+04 1.42E+03 1.35E+04 2.25E+03 1.11E+04
IS24 3.45E+03 2.20E+03 1.70E+03 1.21E+03 6.92E+02 1.20E+03 3.53E+02 1.83E+03
IS25 1.64E+02 2.45E+04 6.05E+04 1.32E+04 1.51E+03 8.87E+03 2.48E+03 8.50E+03
IS26 4.56E+02 2.08E+04 2.54E+04 1.62E+04 7.19E+03 1.57E+04 4.75E+03 2.83E+04
IS27 5.66E+01 4.35E+01 3.85E+01 2.17E+01 5.85E+00 1.17E+01 0.00E+00 1.72E+01
IS28 1.26E+04 6.53E+03 7.57E+02 3.93E+03 3.14E+03 3.90E+03 8.62E+02 4.87E+03
IS29 1.79E+03 1.78E+04 6.86E+03 1.02E+04 3.55E+03 8.24E+03 2.04E+03 8.79E+03
IS30 3.23E+02 3.06E+02 2.68E+02 1.33E+02 7.74E+01 1.03E+02 0.00E+00 1.46E+02
AB1 4.23E+05 4.28E+05 1.69E+05 2.68E+05 2.95E+05 1.88E+05 6.63E+04 1.85E+05
AB2 5.24E+03 5.31E+03 1.54E+03 3.19E+03 2.54E+03 2.60E+03 7.63E+02 3.45E+03
AB3 2.04E+03 6.12E+03 1.64E+03 3.52E+03 2.21E+03 2.94E+03 7.64E+02 3.57E+03
AB4 8.32E+03 7.76E+03 2.10E+03 7.16E+03 3.99E+03 3.59E+03 9.19E+02 6.44E+03
AB5 4.02E+04 3.07E+04 9.68E+03 1.91E+04 1.68E+04 1.22E+04 3.47E+03 1.52E+04
AB6 1.90E+03 1.50E+03 4.45E+02 1.19E+03 6.50E+02 7.85E+02 2.47E+02 1.28E+03
AB7 2.14E+03 2.75E+03 4.00E+03 1.61E+03 1.38E+03 1.21E+03 3.15E+02 1.68E+03
AB8 6.20E+03 5.79E+03 7.98E+03 4.09E+03 2.46E+03 3.15E+03 8.25E+02 5.06E+03
AB9 3.21E+03 2.03E+05 5.71E+04 1.26E+05 5.76E+04 9.84E+04 3.09E+04 1.27E+05
AB10 2.35E+04 3.32E+04 1.25E+04 2.01E+04 1.52E+04 1.79E+04 4.84E+03 2.28E+04
TA1 2.31E+03 2.59E+03 8.14E+02 1.53E+03 1.19E+03 1.27E+03 2.94E+02 1.67E+03
TA2 2.75E+04 3.80E+04 1.17E+04 2.23E+04 1.95E+04 2.08E+04 5.38E+03 2.45E+04
TA3 2.75E+04 3.80E+04 1.17E+04 2.23E+04 1.95E+04 2.08E+04 5.38E+03 2.45E+04
TA4 1.05E+04 1.18E+04 1.91E+03 7.64E+03 4.96E+03 5.82E+03 1.44E+03 7.27E+03
TA5 3.85E+04 1.43E+05 4.54E+04 8.64E+04 6.60E+04 8.42E+04 2.45E+04 1.01E+05
SA-TOP 2.86E+03 4.34E+03 1.34E+03 2.88E+03 2.57E+03 2.50E+03 6.34E+02 3.57E+03
SA-10 4.02E+03 3.67E+03 1.18E+03 2.26E+03 1.86E+03 2.07E+03 5.67E+02 2.87E+03
SA-20 1.68E+03 3.11E+03 1.28E+03 2.03E+03 1.46E+03 1.77E+03 3.97E+02 2.60E+03
SA-30 2.76E+03 2.54E+03 6.17E+02 1.49E+03 1.06E+03 1.33E+03 3.41E+02 1.62E+03
SB-TOP 3.22E+02 4.88E+02 5.46E+02 2.47E+02 1.53E+02 2.51E+02 2.94E+01 3.56E+02
SB-10 3.84E+02 2.87E+02 6.95E+02 1.79E+02 9.04E+01 1.45E+02 1.20E+01 1.93E+02
SB-20 2.31E+02 5.81E+02 9.33E+02 3.19E+02 1.40E+02 2.48E+02 1.41E+01 3.44E+02
SB-30 1.90E+02 1.63E+02 2.45E+02 1.02E+02 4.11E+01 8.70E+01 1.39E+01 1.08E+02
SC-TOP 1.80E+03 2.44E+03 5.18E+02 1.47E+03 1.16E+03 1.50E+03 3.65E+02 2.08E+03
SC-10 3.57E+03 2.01E+04 2.52E+03 1.20E+04 8.83E+03 1.17E+04 2.96E+03 1.44E+04
SC-20 2.80E+02 1.47E+02 1.78E+02 7.68E+01 1.31E+01 3.15E+01 8.21E+01 4.81E+01
SC-30 2.07E+02 1.71E+02 1.43E+02 1.00E+02 1.84E+01 5.73E+01 3.93E+01 9.52E+01
SD-TOP 6.49E+02 7.49E+02 3.13E+02 4.43E+02 2.57E+02 4.10E+02 9.50E+01 4.94E+02
SD-10 1.08E+03 9.23E+02 3.82E+02 5.34E+02 2.94E+02 4.58E+02 9.45E+01 5.41E+02
SD-20 1.34E+03 2.46E+03 4.41E+02 8.65E+02 1.24E+03 9.87E+02 1.37E+02 1.23E+03
SD-30 3.72E+02 7.49E+02 4.97E+02 4.72E+02 2.57E+02 3.66E+02 5.45E+01 5.16E+02
S1-TOP 3.20E+02 4.42E+02 4.80E+02 2.01E+02 1.72E+02 1.78E+02 2.24E+01 2.66E+02
S1-10 1.70E+02 2.02E+02 3.20E+02 1.03E+02 6.03E+01 8.29E+01 1.40E+01 1.20E+02
S1-20 2.88E+02 2.19E+02 2.59E+02 9.97E+01 7.53E+01 9.64E+01 4.85E+01 1.45E+02
S1-30 4.28E+02 4.68E+02 4.28E+02 2.20E+02 2.01E+02 2.07E+02 2.33E+01 2.88E+02
S2-TOP 9.35E+02 5.09E+02 8.33E+02 2.52E+02 9.83E+01 2.27E+02 5.75E+01 4.13E+02
S2-10 7.15E+02 5.53E+02 1.91E+02 3.02E+02 1.92E+02 2.65E+02 5.37E+01 4.33E+02
S2-20 5.05E+02 5.15E+02 1.59E+02 2.55E+02 1.82E+02 2.26E+02 3.42E+01 3.27E+02
S2-30 3.15E+02 1.48E+02 8.32E+01 7.32E+01 4.18E+01 5.59E+01 6.07E+00 9.82E+01
S3-TOP 1.97E+02 1.57E+02 2.73E+02 1.17E+02 6.44E+01 6.63E+01 0.00E+00 1.50E+02
S3-10 1.03E+02 5.28E+01 1.55E+02 3.56E+01 1.06E+01 1.40E+01 0.00E+00 4.32E+01
S3-20 9.30E+01 5.24E+01 2.11E+02 3.39E+01 1.35E+01 1.59E+01 0.00E+00 2.98E+01
S3-30 1.12E+02 8.19E+01 3.86E+02 5.34E+01 2.30E+01 2.13E+01 0.00E+00 9.38E+01
S4-TOP 1.26E+03 1.98E+03 8.21E+02 7.42E+02 6.83E+02 9.84E+02 1.76E+02 1.20E+03
S4-10 1.24E+03 2.53E+03 9.78E+02 9.87E+02 9.48E+02 1.31E+03 2.28E+02 1.62E+03
S4-20 8.29E+02 3.48E+03 2.21E+03 1.31E+03 1.19E+03 1.85E+03 3.59E+02 2.30E+03
S4-30 8.15E+02 1.49E+03 9.04E+02 5.39E+02 4.34E+02 7.03E+02 1.34E+02 8.41E+02
S5-TOP 1.43E+02 1.85E+02 2.26E+02 1.10E+02 2.35E+01 8.09E+01 0.00E+00 1.22E+02
S5-10 1.92E+03 1.94E+03 1.09E+03 7.27E+02 6.13E+02 8.10E+02 1.22E+02 1.02E+03
S5-20 1.38E+02 1.79E+02 2.19E+02 1.06E+02 2.28E+01 7.84E+01 0.00E+00 1.19E+02
S5-30 1.21E+03 1.82E+03 1.16E+03 6.94E+02 5.94E+02 8.02E+02 1.25E+02 1.00E+03
S6-TOP 1.01E+03 1.72E+03 1.45E+03 6.96E+02 4.71E+02 7.64E+02 1.07E+02 9.83E+02
S6-10 1.74E+02 1.15E+02 2.31E+02 5.10E+01 1.56E+01 3.56E+01 0.00E+00 4.96E+01
S6-20 2.47E+02 1.45E+02 3.91E+02 6.83E+01 2.40E+01 5.10E+01 0.00E+00 8.79E+01
S6-30 1.37E+02 1.27E+02 2.81E+02 7.57E+01 2.94E+01 5.39E+01 0.00E+00 1.01E+02
S7-TOP 7.70E+02 1.00E+03 1.40E+03 5.42E+02 3.81E+02 5.40E+02 9.72E+01 7.23E+02
S7-10 5.43E+02 6.79E+02 1.21E+03 4.02E+02 2.92E+02 4.02E+02 7.41E+01 5.94E+02
S7-20 2.13E+03 7.43E+03 3.47E+03 4.23E+03 4.27E+03 3.31E+03 9.04E+02 4.06E+03
S7-30 2.56E+02 2.10E+02 5.33E+02 1.25E+02 6.97E+01 9.61E+01 1.31E+01 1.26E+02
S8-TOP 1.26E+03 8.43E+02 3.85E+02 4.99E+02 3.32E+02 4.34E+02 6.83E+01 5.97E+02
S8-10 1.47E+03 1.99E+03 5.46E+02 1.17E+03 8.00E+02 1.04E+03 2.14E+02 1.36E+03
S8-20 1.49E+03 1.76E+03 7.94E+02 1.08E+03 7.38E+02 8.90E+02 1.87E+02 1.18E+03
S8-30 1.57E+03 1.83E+03 1.02E+03 1.10E+03 7.71E+02 8.48E+02 1.72E+02 1.15E+03
S9-TOP 7.45E+02 8.31E+02 5.83E+02 5.25E+02 3.65E+02 4.28E+02 1.02E+02 6.38E+02
S9-10 5.70E+02 1.08E+03 7.51E+02 6.48E+02 4.14E+02 4.92E+02 1.53E+02 6.97E+02
S9-20 9.46E+02 1.05E+03 1.37E+03 4.97E+02 3.06E+02 4.05E+02 6.65E+01 6.00E+02
S9-30 1.04E+03 6.48E+02 4.18E+02 3.92E+02 2.68E+02 2.91E+02 5.94E+01 4.18E+02
S10-TOP 4.47E+02 5.47E+02 2.83E+02 3.41E+02 2.00E+02 2.59E+02 4.97E+01 3.14E+02
S10-20 1.34E+02 1.70E+02 5.54E+02 1.12E+02 6.14E+01 7.99E+01 0.00E+00 1.96E+02
S10-30 9.06E+01 1.94E+02 9.76E+02 1.16E+02 4.93E+01 6.43E+01 0.00E+00 9.76E+01
S11-TOP 2.04E+03 4.22E+05 1.50E+05 2.30E+05 1.16E+05 1.72E+05 6.06E+04 1.90E+05
S11-10 3.89E+02 2.20E+02 3.57E+02 1.27E+02 8.86E+01 9.12E+01 1.19E+01 1.42E+02
S11-20 2.32E+02 1.02E+02 3.42E+02 6.16E+01 2.70E+01 4.44E+01 0.00E+00 5.93E+01
S11-30 1.60E+02 1.01E+02 2.23E+02 4.66E+01 1.63E+01 2.17E+01 0.00E+00 3.19E+01
S12-TOP 2.70E+02 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00 0.00E+00
S12-10 1.27E+03 9.96E+02 1.03E+02 7.01E+02 5.06E+02 5.60E+02 1.72E+02 7.83E+02
S12-20 2.12E+03 3.28E+02 8.03E+02 2.18E+02 7.82E+01 1.07E+02 2.46E+01 1.68E+02
S12-30 2.77E+02 3.32E+02 3.95E+02 2.03E+02 1.18E+02 1.44E+02 2.69E+01 2.01E+02
S13-TOP 3.49E+02 2.15E+03 4.18E+03 1.24E+03 6.14E+02 9.75E+02 8.17E+01 1.32E+03
S13-10 2.73E+02 3.37E+02 5.64E+02 2.25E+02 1.34E+02 1.35E+02 2.22E+01 2.20E+02
S13-20 1.43E+03 2.95E+03 3.03E+03 1.98E+03 1.17E+03 1.62E+03 2.74E+02 2.61E+03
S13-30 2.34E+02 1.56E+02 3.23E+02 9.88E+01 5.71E+01 5.40E+01 9.28E+00 8.30E+01
S14-TOP 5.95E+02 2.34E+02 2.73E+02 1.31E+02 7.62E+01 9.48E+01 1.35E+01 1.47E+02
S14-10 4.00E+02 1.90E+02 2.73E+02 1.17E+02 6.40E+01 8.13E+01 1.67E+01 1.18E+02
S14-20 2.33E+02 1.56E+02 3.22E+02 9.86E+01 5.70E+01 5.39E+01 9.26E+00 8.29E+01
S14-30 1.61E+02 7.57E+01 3.59E+02 4.06E+01 1.73E+01 2.10E+01 2.42E+01 2.73E+01
S15-TOP 1.39E+03 9.05E+02 2.79E+02 4.82E+02 4.17E+02 4.74E+02 1.14E+02 6.45E+02
S15-10 4.18E+02 3.54E+02 2.23E+02 2.09E+02 1.75E+02 1.96E+02 4.07E+01 3.14E+02
S15-20 8.21E+02 9.94E+02 2.28E+02 5.90E+02 5.92E+02 4.00E+02 1.20E+02 5.57E+02
S15-30 3.99E+02 8.60E+04 6.68E+04 5.59E+04 1.18E+04 3.67E+04 7.76E+03 4.59E+04
Open in a new tab

Table 5.

PAH congener concentrations (pg g−1) of Phe, An, Fluo, Pyr, 11H-B[a]F, 11H-B[b]F, and B[a]A in terrestrial soils of King George Island, Antarctica.

Phe An Fluo Pyr 11H-B[a]F 11H-B[b]F B[a]A
P1 2.01E+02 1.38E+04 2.35E+03 3.32E+03 3.99E+02 2.92E+02 7.42E+02
P2 5.31E+02 1.96E+04 4.22E+03 3.33E+03 2.35E+02 1.59E+02 1.44E+03
P3 4.12E+03 1.66E+02 4.42E+02 4.40E+01 2.08E+01 2.54E+01 2.89E+01
P4 9.75E+03 2.12E+02 7.03E+02 9.73E+02 8.16E+01 5.47E+01 3.58E+01
P5 5.91E+03 1.07E+02 8.99E+02 6.82E+02 8.15E+01 1.13E+02 9.42E+01
P6 1.26E+02 2.10E+03 8.74E+02 1.14E+03 2.05E+02 1.54E+02 8.81E+01
P7 3.30E+02 3.22E+03 5.88E+02 4.54E+02 5.71E+01 3.77E+01 2.75E+01
P8 2.33E+03 N.D. 1.84E+02 N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
P9 N.D. 2.42E+03 3.66E+02 3.92E+02 3.99E+01 5.91E+01 1.98E+01
P10 N.D. 8.67E+03 9.31E+02 8.99E+02 7.41E+01 4.83E+01 N.D.
P11 3.88E+02 8.77E+03 1.13E+03 1.25E+03 N.D. N.D. 3.81E+01
Open in a new tab

Table 6.

PAH congener concentrations (pg g−1) of Chry, B[b]F, B[k]F, B[e]P, B[a]P, Ind, D[a,h]A, and B[g,h,i]P in terrestrial soils of King George Island, Antarctica.

Chry B[b]F B[k]F B[e]P B[a]P Ind D[a,h]A B[g,h,i]P
P1 4.03E+03 3.36E+01 1.05E+01 N.D. 2.10E+01 N.D. N.D. N.D.
P2 1.53E+03 N.D. 1.33E+03 N.D. 8.50E+02 N.D. 7.53E+01 N.D.
P3 1.60E+02 N.D. 3.80E+00 N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
P4 1.11E+02 N.D. 6.26E+01 4.38E+00 N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
P5 8.43E+02 2.52E+01 1.22E+01 7.93E+00 5.32E+00 N.D. N.D. N.D.
P6 3.08E+02 N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
P7 9.94E+01 N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
P8 N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
P9 1.05E+02 N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
P10 N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
P11 6.37E+02 N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D. N.D.
Open in a new tab

2. Experimental design, materials and methods

2.1. Dataset area

All terrestrial soil samples were collected from different locations in Pakistan and King George Island (see Fig. 1, Fig. 2).

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Open in a new tab

Analytical protocol of PAH congeners used in this study.

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

Open in a new tab

Sampling sites of terrestrial soils collected at Pakistan and King George Island, Antarctica.

2.2. Sample collection and analytical procedures

In this study, about 0.3 kg of terrestrial soil samples from an area of 1 m2 at each sampling site was obtained by applying a shovel, which was stored in clean aluminium foil, situated in a glass bottle, and stored at −20 °C. After removing stones and shells, the samples were freeze-dried and sieved to <0.076 mm (200 mesh), and then stored at −20 °C until analysis. Details of the standard methods used for the soil sampling protocol can be found in previous publications [3], [4], [5]. Chemical analysis of PAH congeners are conducted in 2018 and described in Fig. 1. All details of GC-MS analysis are clearly explained in a previous study [7]. The fractionation/cleanup process followed the method reported by Gogou et al. (1996) [6]. After the extraction, the DCM solvent was concentrated to dryness by a combination of rotary evaporation and blowing under a gentle nitrogen stream. The concentrated extract is then diluted in 10 ml of n-hexane before application to the top of a disposable silica gel column. The extract was then fractionated into individual compound classes by flash chromatography on silica gel as follows: The concentrate was applied to the top of a 30 × 0.7 cm diameter column, containing 1.5 g of silica gel (activated at 150 °C for 3 h). Nitrogen pressure was used to in order to obtain a flow of 1.4 ml min−1 at the bottom of the column. The following solvents were used to elute the different compound classes: (1) 15 ml n-hexane (fraction 1, light molecular weight PAHs); (2) 15 ml toluene-n-hexane (5.6:9.4) (fraction 2, middle and heavy molecular weight PAHs). All solvents were of HPLC grade, purchased from Fisher Scientific. A mix of standard solutions of 13 native PAHs [Norwegian Standard (NS 9815: S-4008-100-T): phenanthrene (Phe), anthracene (An), fluoranthene (Fluo), pyrene (Pyr), benz[a]anthracene (B[a]A), chrysene (Chry), benzo[b]fluoranthene (B[b]F), benzo[k]fluoranthene (B[k]F), benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), benzo[e]pyrene (B[e]P), indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene (Ind), dibenz[a,h]anthracene (D[a,h]A), and benzo[g,h,i]perylene (B[g,h,i]P), and a mix of recovery internal standard (IS) PAHs [d12-perylene (d12-Per) and d10-fluorene (d10-Fl)] were purchased from Chiron AS (Stiklestadveine 1, N-7041 Trondheim, Norway).

Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the Information Technology Foundation under the Initiative of Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn, Polar Research Project under the Initiatives of Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn, National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration, and T. C. Pharmaceutical Industries Co., Ltd for supporting this study. The authors would also like to thank all members of CHINARE 34 for their kind assistances. The authors appreciate kind assistances from Ms. Mattanawadee Hattayanone for her contribution on laboratory works. All the GC-MS analysis of PAHs was conducted at Bara Scientific laboratory under the guidance of Mr. Chukkapong Khumsup, Mr. Itthipon Kittikoon, and Mr. Phoosak Hirunyatrakul.

Contributor Information

Siwatt Pongpiachan, Email: pongpiajun@gmail.com.

Kittiphop Promdee, Email: nuumensci@gmail.com.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

References

  • 1.Pongpiachan S., Bualert S., Sompongchaiyakul P., Kositanont C. Factors affecting sensitivity and stability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined by gas chromatography quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry. Anal. Lett. 2009;42(13):2106–2130. [Google Scholar]
  • 2.US-EPA . 2002. Soil Sampling Method 5035a.https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-07/documents/epa-5035a.pdf [Google Scholar]
  • 3.Barth D.S., Mason B.J. 1984. Soil Sampling Quality Assurance User's Guide. EPA-600/4- 84-043. [Google Scholar]
  • 4.Ecology and Environment, Inc . 1990. Standard Operating Procedures: “Equipment Decontamination,” and “Sample Packaging and Shipping”. [Google Scholar]
  • 5.Mason B.J. 1983. Preparation of Soil Sampling Protocol: Technique and Strategies. EPA- 600/4-83-020. [Google Scholar]
  • 6.Gogou A., Stratigakis N., Kanakidou M., Stephanou E. Organic aerosol in Eastern Maditerranean: component source reconciliation by using molecular markers and atmospheric back trajectories. Org. Geochem. 1996;25:79–96. [Google Scholar]
  • 7.Pongpiachan S., Bualert S., Sompongchaiyakul P., Kositanont C. Factors affecting sensitivity and stability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons determined by gas chromatography quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry. Anal. Lett. 2009;42(13):2106–2130. [Google Scholar]

Articles from Data in Brief are provided here courtesy of Elsevier

RESOURCES