Retraction: Association of MDR1 Gene SNPs and Haplotypes with the Tacrolimus Dose Requirements in Han Chinese Liver Transplant Recipients

Concerns have been raised that the transplants performed in the local context at the time of procedures reported in this article [1] may have involved organs/tissues procured from prisoners [2].

Details as to the donor sources and methods of obtaining informed consent from donors were not reported in [1], and when following up on these concerns the authors did not clarify these issues or the cause(s) of donor death in response to journal inquiries. International ethical standards call for transparency in organ donor and transplantation programs and clear informed consent procedures including considerations to ensure that donors are not subject to coercion [3,4,5].

The authors stated that no vulnerable populations were involved in their research and they provided a letter from the Ethics Committee of Human Organ Transplantation at First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University which confirmed that the organ donations involved in the article took place 2001–2012, and that these organ donations received ethics approval and conformed to local regulations. However, the authors did not provide donor consent forms in response to the journal’s request, and the document provided by the Ethics Committee of Human Organ Transplantation did not specifically support the authors’ claim about vulnerable populations or clarify whether organs had been procured from prisoners.

In addition, the Methods section of [1] did not include sufficient information about participant recruitment for the study; the recruitment site(s) and inclusion and exclusion criteria were not reported.

The authors did not respond to inquiries about the availability of underlying data supporting this study.

Owing to the lack of documentation to demonstrate this study had prospective ethical approval, insufficient reporting, unresolved concerns around the source of transplanted organs and whether they included organs from prisoners, and in compliance with international ethical standards for organ/tissue donation and transplantation, the PLOS ONE Editors retract this article.

The corresponding author notified the journal that all authors disagree with the retraction. XY confirmed their disagreement, the other authors either could not be reached or did not respond directly.