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. 2019 Aug 6;9(8):348. doi: 10.3390/biom9080348

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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High glucose-derived microparticles (MPs; 10 µg/mL) induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)—demonstrated by a decrease in epithelial-cadherin (E-cadherin) levels and increase in alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) levels—in naïve renal proximal tubular cells. (A) Representative Western blots of EMT markers—E-cadherin and α-SMA; and (B,C) densitometry analyses of E-cadherin and α-SMA expression normalized to β-actin, respectively. Values were expressed as mean ± SEM; n = 3; * p < 0.05 versus no MPs (control); ^# p < 0.05 versus control MPs; E-cadherin: Epithelial-cadherin; α-SMA: Alpha smooth muscle actin; iHG: Intermittent high glucose; cHG: Continuous high glucose.