A and B: MDA-MB-231 cells treated with 10 μM JNK inhibitor SP 600125 (SP), 20 μM MEK inhibitor PD 98059 (PD) or 5 μM p38 inhibitor SB 202190 (SB) for 24 h showed significantly decreased mRNA levels of MMP-1 and MMP-3 relative to the control cells (CON). C: MDA-MB-231 cells with increased LPP1 expression showed decreased cFOS and cJUN in cytoplasm (C) and nuclei (N) compared with control cells (CON). The level of FRA1 was increased in cytoplasm but not affected in nuclei by LPP1. D: Protein levels of cFOS, cJUN, or FRA1 in MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing these proteins (AP-1) and in control cells (CON). E and F: Transient expressions of cFOS, cJUN or FRA1 significantly increased mRNA levels of MMP-1 and MMP-3 in MDA-MB-231 cells. Results are means and SEM from three independent experiments. Results were analyzed by ANOVA. *P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P<0.001.