The antitumour effect of the anti‐Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) monoclonal antibody (mAb) is mediated by CD8 T‐cells in vivo. C57BL/6N mice (n = 5 per group) were inoculated s.c. on the back with EG7‐OVA (3 × 105), and on the following day they were injected s.c. with vehicle (phosphate‐buffered saline; PBS) or the combination of ovalbumin (OVA; 100 μg) and the anti‐TLR4 mAb (3 μg). In mice immunized with OVA and the anti‐TLR4 mAb, an anti‐CD4 (GK1·5), ‐CD8 (YTS169·4·2·1) or rat isotype control mAb (100 μg) was injected i.v. on day −2 and i.p. on days −1 and 6. (a) On day 6, the percentages of CD4 and CD8 T‐cells in the peripheral blood were analysed by FACS and are shown as the means ± SEMs of five mice per group. One‐way ANOVA with the Tukey post hoc test; **P < 0·01, ***P < 0·001, ****P < 0·0001. (b) Tumour volumes are shown as means ± SEMs. Two‐way ANOVA with the Tukey post hoc test; ****P < 0·0001 (versus PBS). Data are representative of two independent experiments.