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Biosynthesis pathways of anthocyanins. PAL—phenylala-nine ammonialyase; C4H—cinnamate-4-hydroxylase; 4CL—4-coumaroyl:CoA-ligase; CHS—chalcone synthase; CHI—chalcone isomerase; F3′H—flavonoid-3′ -hydroxylase; F3′5′H—flavonoid-3′,5′-hydroxylase; DFR—dihydroflavonol-4-reductase; ANS—anthocyanin synthase; F3H—flavonone-3-hydroxylase; F5H—ferulate 5-hydroxylase.
