Table 2. Baseline Characteristics of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke in a Study of the Association of General Anesthesia vs Procedural Sedation During Thrombectomy With Functional Outcome.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| General Anesthesia (n = 183) | Procedural Sedation (n = 185) | |
| Demographic Characteristics | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 71.5 (12.1) | 71.5 (13.8) |
| Sex | ||
| Men | 110 (60.1) | 95 (51.4) |
| Women | 73 (39.9) | 90 (48.6) |
| Patients included from each study | ||
| SIESTA | 73 (39.9) | 77 (41.6) |
| ANSTROKE | 45 (24.6) | 45 (24.3) |
| GOLIATH | 65 (35.5) | 63 (34.1) |
| Vascular risk factors | ||
| Hypertension | 119 (65.0) | 108/184 (58.7) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 78 (42.6) | 81/184 (44.0) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 73/182 (40.1) | 75 (40.5) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 35 (19.1) | 33/184 (17.9) |
| Smoker | 33 (18.0) | 41/182 (22.5) |
| Pretreatment imaging | (n = 183) | (n = 182) |
| ASPECTSa | ||
| 6-10 (Less advanced infarction) | 163 (89.1) | 159 (87.4) |
| <6 | 20 (10.9) | 23 (12.6) |
| Median (IQR) | 8 (7-10) | 8 (6-10) |
| Scores at Admission | ||
| Premorbid mRSb | ||
| 0 (No symptoms) | 133 (72.7) | 132 (71.4) |
| 1 | 23 (12.6) | 30 (16.2) |
| 2 | 15 (8.2) | 16 (8.6) |
| >2 | 12 (6.6) | 7 (3.8) |
| NIHSS score on admission, median (IQR)c | 18 (14-21) | 17 (14-20) |
| Occlusion | ||
| Localization of occlusion | ||
| Single ICA | 8 (4.4) | 12 (6.5) |
| Single ICA-Td | 27 (14.8) | 32 (17.3) |
| Single MCA | 102 (55.8) | 114 (61.6) |
| M1 | 81 (44.3) | 96 (51.9) |
| M2 | 21 (11.5) | 18 (9.7) |
| Tandem | 46 (25.1) | 27 (14.6) |
| ICA + ICA-Td | 15 (8.2) | 7 (3.8) |
| ICA + M1 | 29 (15.8) | 14 (7.6) |
| ICA + M2 | 2 (1.1) | 6 (3.2) |
| Occlusion side right | 73 (39.9) | 94 (50.8) |
| Reperfusion treatments, No. (%) | ||
| Pre–mechanical thrombectomy IV tPA | 129 (70.5) | 132 (71.4) |
| Onset to door time, median (IQR), min | 129.5 (67.0-195.0) | 110.0 (65.0-190.0) |
Abbreviations: ANSTROKE, Anesthesia During Stroke; ASPECTS, Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score; GOLIATH, General or Local Anesthesia in Intra Arterial Therapy; ICA, internal carotid artery; IQR, interquartile range; IV tPA, intravenous thrombolysis; MCA, middle cerebral artery; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; SIESTA, Sedation vs Intubation for Endovascular Stroke Treatment.
ASPECTS is a measure of the extension of a stroke. Score ranges from 0-10, with higher scores indicating fewer early ischemic changes and more normal tissue.
mRS scores range from 0-6, with 0 indicating no symptoms; 1, no clinically relevant disability; 2, slight disability (able to look after own affairs without assistance but not to full extent); 3, moderate disability (requires some help but able to walk unassisted); 4, moderately severe disability (requires assistance and unable to walk unassisted); 5, severe disability (requires constant nursing care); and 6, death.
NIHSS classifies neurological deficit from 0 (no deficit) to 42 (most severe deficit).
ICA-T was defined as occlusion of the internal carotid artery below the bifurcation of the middle and the anterior cerebral artery.