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. 2019 Oct 15;10(5):e02171-19. doi: 10.1128/mBio.02171-19

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Copyright © 2019 Ward et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

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FIG 4 — Antibiotics and probiotics similarly alter the turkey microbiome. Principal-coordinate analysis of unweighted UniFrac distances of the turkey ileum (A) and cecum (B) microbiome, colored by treatment: control, antibiotic (BMD), turkey-tailored probiotic (T-Pbx), commercial probiotic (FM-B11), and prebiotic (Prebx). Differences in centroids by treatment (denoted by a diamond) were tested by PERMANOVA, with R² and P values reported. Pairwise PERMANOVA was also performed on each treatment pair, with insignificant differences in centroids (P > 0.05) denoted by N.S. Full pairwise comparison results are listed in Data Set S1. (C) Centered log-ratio-transformed relative abundances of minor contributing OTUs in the ileum (less than 10%).