Correction to: Perioper Med (2019) 8:10
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13741-019-0121-3
Following publication of the original article (Machowska et al. 2019), the authors provided new footnotes for Table 1 and Table 2. The complete tables and updated footnotes are supplied below.
Table 1.
Inpatients’ characteristics at surgery departments of the TH and NTH in Madhya Pradesh, India
| All patients | UUTSI | LUTSI | RASI | EASI | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TH, | NTH, | TH, | NTH, | TH, | NTH, | TH, | NTH, | TH, | NTH, | |
| N = 6171 | N = 6263 | N = 284 | N = 741 | N = 748 | N = 824 | N = 1394 | N = 748 | N = 482 | N = 763 | |
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Age in years | ||||||||||
| 0–17 | 677 (11) a | 377 (6) | 21 (7) | 36 (5) | 45 (6) a | 15 (2) | 139 (10) a | 26 (3) | 72 (15) | 91 (12) |
| 18–39 | 2018 (33) | 2757 (44) a | 159 (56) | 425 (57) | 69 (9) | 119 (14) | 320 (23) | 281 (38) a | 239 (50) | 419 (55) |
| 40–59 | 1773 (29) | 1689 (27) | 78 (27) | 197 (27) | 150 (20) | 148 (18) | 453 (32) | 222 (30) | 108 (22) | 188 (25) |
| ≥ 60 | 1703 (28) a | 1440 (23) | 26 (9) | 83 (11) | 484 (65) | 542 (66) | 482 (35) | 219 (29) | 63 (13) | 65 (8) |
| Male | 4601 (75) a | 4384 (70) | 218 (77) | 546 (74) | 719 (96) | 812 (99) | 1182 (85) a | 532 (71) | 347 (72) | 610 (80) |
| Female | 1570 (25) | 1879 (30) a | 66 (23) | 195 (26) | 29 (4) | 12 (1) | 212 (15) | 216 (29) a | 135 (28) | 153 (20) |
| Patients prescribed AB | 5430 (88) | 5402 (86) | 251 (88) | 624 (84) | 748 (100) | 823 (100) | 1393 (100) a | 628 (84) | 482 (100) a | 719 (94) |
| Total number of AB prescriptions (Np) | 12,213 | 9598 | 563 | 1055 | 1624 | 1453 | 2767 | 1240 | 1435 | 1679 |
| Prescriptions adherent to WHOLEM, Np (percentage of total nr. of prescriptions) | 8039 (66) a | 4019 (42) | 309 (55) a | 346 (33) | 753 (46) a | 346 (24) | 1736 (63) a | 510 (41) | 1054 (73) a | 790 (47) |
| Prescriptions adherent to NLEMI, Np (percentage of total nr. of prescriptions) | 9119 (75) a | 5487 (57) | 342 (61) | 592 (56) | 880 (54) a | 592 (41) | 2025 (73) a | 734 (59) | 1173 (82) a | 984 (59) |
| Average length of hospital stay, days [SD] | 9.9 [10.0] a | 4.6 [3.9] | 9.1 [7.8] a | 3.8 [3.2] | 13.0 [11.3] a | 5.0 [3.2] | 9.8 [7.2] a | 5.1 [4.0] | 11.1 [9.5] a | 6.3 [5.3] |
| Average length of AB treatment, days [SD] | 9.5 [7.6] a | 4.4 [3.2] | 8.6 [6.9] a | 3.6 [2.6] | 11.5 [9.0] a | 4.9 [3.0] | 7.8 [5.3] a | 4.4 [3.4] | 9.0 [7.4] a | 5.5 [4.0] |
| AB prescribed for 1 day | 36 (1) | 221 (7) | 7 (2) | 96 (13) | 6 (1) | 44 (5) | 14 (1) | 41 (5) | 9 (2) | 40 (5) |
| DDD/100 patient days | 72.5 | 110.5 a | 89.5 | 112.3 a | 84.6 | 102.1 a | 78.3 | 116.1 a | 74.9 | 106.0 a |
| Total nr. of AB doses administered | 65,288 | 28,600 | 2759 | 2950 | 9415 | 4733 | 13,890 | 4060 | 6270 | 7980 |
| Total nr. of AB doses prescribed using generic names | 16,322 (25) a | 1716 (6) | 607 (22) a | 118 (4) | 2542 (27) a | 142 (3) | 4584 (33) a | 203 (5) | 1693 (27) a | 399 (5) |
| Total nr. of AB doses administered parenterally | 34,613 (53) | 19,639 (79) a | 1335 (41) | 2245 (76) a | 3672 (39) | 2603 (55) a | 8195 (59) | 3370 (83) a | 4582 (75) | 7339 (92) a |
Percentages were rounded off to integers, and standard deviations were rounded off to one decimal. Percentages are presented in parenthesis and standard deviations in square brackets. Significantly larger values are presented in italics
Abbreviations: AB antibiotic, DDD defined daily dose, EASI emergency abdominal surgery indications, Np total number of antibiotic prescriptions, nr. number, LUTSI lower urinary tract surgery indications, NLEMI National List of Essential Medicines of India, NTH non-teaching hospital, RASI routine abdominal surgery indications, SD standard deviation, TH teaching hospital, UUTSI upper urinary tract surgery indications, WHOLEM WHO List of Essential Medicines
a Significant p-values
Table 2.
Classification of surgery inpatients in four selected diagnoses groups, based on their diagnoses
| Diagnosis groups (ICD-10 codes) | TH, n = 2908 (100) n (%) [%] |
NTH, n = 3076 (100) n (%) [%] |
|---|---|---|
| Upper urinary tract surgery indications (UUTSI) | 284 (10) [100] | 741 (24) [100] a |
| Kidney/ureter calculi (N20) | 280 [99] | 734 [99] a |
| Other | 4 [32] | 7 [1] |
| Lower urinary tract surgery indications (LUTSI) | 748 (26) [100] | 824 (27) [100] |
| Benign prostate hyperplasia (N40) | 522 [70] | 558 [68] |
| Urethral/bladder calculi (N21) | 89 [12] | 142 [17] a |
| Urethral stricture (N35) | 85 [11] | 66 [8] |
| Prostate cancer (C61) | 29 [4] | 30 [4] |
| Bladder cancer (C67) | 10 [1] | 10 [1] |
| Urethral disease* (N36) | 9 [1] | 10 [1] |
| Other | 4 [< 1] | 8 [< 1] |
| Routine abdominal surgery indications (RASI) | 1394 (48) [100] a | 748 (24) [100] |
| Hernia (K40-K46) | 965 [69] a | 312 [42] |
| Other gastric/duodenal disease (K31) | 113 [8] | 151 [20] |
| Biliary calculi (K80) | 73 [5] | 110 [15] |
| Anal fissure/fistula (K60) | 103 [7] a | 30 [4] |
| Malignancy in GI-tract (C15-C26) | 78 [6] | 51 [7] |
| Cholecystitis (K81) | 30 [2] | 43 [6] |
| Anal abscess (K61) | 10 [< 1] | 28 [4] |
| Other disease in anal region** (K62) | 10 [< 1] | 8 [1] |
| Colon polyposis (K63.2) | 9 [< 1] | 5 [< 1] |
| Other | 3 [< 1] | 10 [< 1] |
| Emergency abdominal surgery indications (EASI) | 482 (17) [100] | 763 (25) [100] a |
| Appendicitis (K35-K37) | 268 [56] | 459 [60] a |
| Intestinal obstruction (K56) | 132 [27] | 202 [27] |
| Peritonitis (K56) | 80 [17] | 99 [13] |
| Other | 2 [< 1] | 3 [< 1] |
Numbers of patients with percentages rounded off to the nearest whole number
Abbreviations: TH teaching hospital, NTH non-teaching hospital
*Urethral disease includes fistulas, diverticulosis, carbuncles, and prolepses of the urethra
**Disease in the anal/rectal region includes polyps, stenosis, wounds, bleedings, and prolapses in the anal/rectal region
a Significant p-values
Reference
- Machowska, et al. Perioperative antibiotic prescribing in surgery departments of two private sector hospitals in Madhya Pradesh, India. Perioper Med. 2019;8:10. doi: 10.1186/s13741-019-0121-3. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]