Newly diabetic NOD mice with severe hyperglycemia were given (A) homotaurine (0.25 mg/ml, n = 7), (B) low-dose anti-CD3 (n = 13), or (C) combined low-dose anti-CD3 plus homotaurine (n = 25), as described in Materials and Methods. *Died of unknown causes. (D) Data shows percentage of relapse-free mice in homotaurine (triangle), anti-CD3 (circle), and anti-CD3 plus homotaurine treated mice (square) over the 25-wk observation period. Statistical analysis indicates homotaurine versus anti-CD3 plus homotaurine (p = 0.002) and anti-CD3 versus anti-CD3 plus homotaurine (p = 0.05) by the log-rank test. (E) A representative image of a nonfunctional islet observed in mice given anti-CD3 (alone) that was costained with anti-insulin (green), antiglucagon (red), and DAPI. (F) A representative image of a functional islet observed in mice given combined therapy. Scale bar, 25 μm.