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. 2019 Oct 13;24(20):3682. doi: 10.3390/molecules24203682

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Effects of the IL-1β and IL-17A combination on the levels of S-GAGs release and MMP13 gene expression in short-term porcine cartilage explant culture. The explants were cultured for 1, 3, and 7 days under conditions in which they were stimulated by the combined cytokines (Cyts; 2 ng/mL of IL-1β in combination with 4 ng/mL of IL-17A). The untreated explants were left as a control (Ctrl). Levels of S-GAGs release in culture media (A,B) and MMP13 gene expression (C,D) were determined at indicated times. Data are expressed as mean ± SD of three independent experiments. * = p < 0.05 and ** = p < 0.001.