Table 1.
Annotated endogenous metabolites and their change trends in urine.
| Annotated Metabolite | Ionization Mode |
Retention Time (min) | Detected m/z | Adducts | KEGG ID | Model/Sham | GSTTF/Model |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leucine | P | 0.708 | 132.1017 | [M + H]+ | C00123 | ↑# | ↓ |
| Citric acid | P | 0.527 | 193.0339 | [M + H]+ | C00158 | ↓# | ↑ |
| Citric acid | N | 0.497 | 191.0190 | [M − H]− | C00158 | ↓# | ↑** |
| Isoleucine | P | 0.659 | 132.1016 | [M + H]+ | C00407 | ↓# | ↑ |
| d-Pantothenic acid | P | 2.928 | 220.1174 | [M + H]+ | C00864 | ↑# | ↓ |
| Hippuric acid | P | 4.044 | 180.0653 | [M + H]+ | C01586 | ↓## | ↑* |
| Hippuric acid | N | 3.999 | 178.0502 | [M − H]− | C01586 | ↓# | ↑ |
| l-Pyroglutamic acid | P | 0.571 | 130.0497 | [M + H]+ | C01879 | ↓### | ↑ |
| Citraconic acid | N | 0.416 | 129.0182 | [M − H]− | C02226 | ↓## | ↑ |
| trans-Aconitic acid | N | 0.591 | 173.0083 | [M − H]− | C02341 | ↓## | ↓ |
| N-Acetyl-l-leucine | P | 5.387 | 174.1122 | [M + H]+ | C02710 | ↑## | ↓ |
| N-Acetyl-l-leucine | N | 6.020 | 172.0972 | [M − H]− | C02710 | ↑## | ↓** |
| 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid | N | 0.525 | 161.0447 | [M − H]− | C03761 | ↑## | ↓ |
| 6-Hydroxycaproic acid | N | 4.550 | 131.0704 | [M − H]− | C06103 | ↑### | ↓ |
| N-Acetyl-l-Citrulline | N | 0.531 | 216.0986 | [M − H]− | C15532 | ↑### | ↓** |
| 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine | P | 1.322 | 180.0876 | [M + H]+ | C16675 | ↑# | ↓ |
| Pentahomomethionine | P | 9.059 | 220.1361 | [M + H]+ | C17229 | ↑## | ↓ |
#p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001, the model group versus the sham group; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, the GSTTF-treated group versus the model group. P, positive ion mode; N, negative ion mode.