Determining optimal 5-ALA dose for maximum fluorescence and viability of glioma cells (a) Confocal images of PpIX fluorescence in Gli36 cells treated with 0.8 mM 5-ALA dose for 24 h. Brightfield image (left), fluorescence image (center), overlay image (right). (b) Dot-plot showing PpIX fluorescence (mean intensity in relative light units, RLU) of Gli36 cells at different 5-ALA doses measured using confocal microscopy. (c) Histogram showing cell viability (%) of Gli36 cells at different 5-ALA doses measured using Countess II FL Automated Cell Counter. Data are mean 95% confidence interval (n = 3 biological replicates). *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, ***p ≤ 0.001, unpaired two-tailed Student's t-test.