Table 8.
Comparison of Hollow membrane reactors in BHM throughout literature.
|
Reactor Configuration |
H2 |
CO2 |
CH4 out |
Pressure |
Temp. |
Reactor Vol. |
MER |
Retention Time |
kLa |
Rate of mixing |
Gas recirculation |
Enriched Culture |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | (in/ex-situ) | pH | (L/Lvr/min) | (L/Lvr/min) | H2/CO2 Ratio | (%) | (Barg) | (°C) | (L) | (L CH4/Lvr/day) | h | /h | Method of kLa Increase | (L/min) | (rpm) | (L/min) | (y/n) | Archaeal strain | Unit normalized to | Author |
| HFM R | Ex-situ | 7.2 | 0.0070 | 0.0018 | 4 : 1 | 84 | 0 | 55 | 31 | 2.0 | 2.80 | 30 | HFM + Recirculation | - | - | 0.07 | No | - | STP | [61] |
| HFM R | Ex-situ | 7.2 | 0.0140 | 0.0035 | 4 : 1 | 75 | 0 | 55 | 31 | 3.8 | 1.37 | 155 | HFM + Recirculation | - | - | 1.12 | No | - | STP | [61] |
| HFM R | Ex-situ | 7.2 | 0.0210 | 0.0052 | 4 : 1 | 68 | 0 | 55 | 31 | 5.7 | 0.91 | 180 | HFM + Recirculation | - | - | 1.12 | No | - | STP | [61] |
| HFM R | Ex-situ | 7.2 | 0.0210 | 0.0052 | 4 : 1 | 79 | 0 | 55 | 31 | 6.9 | 1.01 | 240 | HFM + Recirculation | - | - | 1.67 | No | - | STP | [61] |
| HFM R | Ex-situ | 7.2 | 0.0314 | 0.0078 | 4 : 1 | 65 | 0 | 55 | 31 | 9.5 | 0.64 | 420 | HFM + Recirculation | - | - | 3.35 | No | - | STP | [61] |
| HFM R | Ex-situ | 7.2 | 0.0174 | 0.0044 | 4 : 1 | 82 | 0 | 55 | 31 | 5.8 | 1.21 | 205 | HFM + Recirculation | - | - | 1.51 | No | - | STP | [61] |
| HFM R | Ex-situ | 7.2 | 0.0279 | 0.0070 | 4 : 1 | 78 | 0 | 55 | 31 | 8.8 | 0.74 | 430 | HFM + Recirculation | - | - | 3.35 | No | - | STP | [61] |
| HFM R | Ex-situ | 7 | 0.0187 | 0.0047 | 4 : 1 | 25 | 0 | 65 | 0.104 | 40.3 | - | HFM | - | - | 0 | Yes | M. Thermoautotrophicus | N/A | [84] | |
| HFM R | Ex-situ | 7 | 0.0320 | 0.0080 | 4 : 1 | 14 | 0 | 65 | 0.104 | 50.7 | - | HFM | - | - | 0 | Yes | M. Thermoautotrophicus | N/A | [84] | |
| MBR | Ex-situ | 7.4 | 0.0069 | 0.0017 | 4 : 1 | 79 | 0 | 55 | 60 | 2.4 | 3.10 | 77 | Ceramic tubular membrane | - | - | 8 | No | - | STP | [58] |
| MBR | Ex-situ | 7.4 | 0.0139 | 0.0035 | 4 : 1 | 55 | 0 | 55 | 60 | 4.3 | 1.46 | 87 | Ceramic tubular membrane | - | - | 8 | No | - | STP | [58] |
| MBR | Ex-situ | 7.4 | 0.0139 | 0.0035 | 4 : 1 | 79 | 0 | 55 | 60 | 4.8 | 1.55 | 166 | Ceramic tubular membrane | - | - | 12.3 | No | - | STP | [58] |
| MBR | Ex-situ | 7.4 | 0.0208 | 0.0052 | 4 : 1 | 79 | 0 | 55 | 60 | 7.1 | 1.03 | 268 | Ceramic tubular membrane | - | - | 12.3 | No | - | STP | [58] |
| HFM R | In-situ | 7.61 | 0.0006 | 0.0003 | 4 : 1 | 78 | 0.32 | 55 | 1 | 0.9 | 585.37 | Magnetic stirrer | - | 150 | 0 | No | - | STP | [73] | |
| HFM R | In-situ | 7.9 | 0.0010 | 0.0003 | 4 : 1 | 90 | 0.56 | 55 | 1 | 0.9 | 45.89 | Magnetic stirrer | - | 150 | 0 | No | - | STP | [73] | |
| HFM R | In-situ | 8.31 | 0.0012 | 0.0003 | 4 : 1 | 96 | 0.75 | 55 | 1 | 0.9 | 28.74 | Magnetic stirrer | - | 150 | 0 | No | - | STP | [73] | |
- Retention time values presented in papers are noted (Bold, underlined and italic), but where missing, retention time according to Voelklein et al. [11] calculated to allow comparison.