1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
2J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
3Faculty of Information Technology, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, 999078 China
4Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 China
5Department of Computer Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 3AF UK
6Centre for Smart Health, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077 China
© The Author(s) 2019
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.