Table 3.
Exploring moderators of effects on psychological distressa at post‐intervention and follow‐up: results of meta‐regression
| Moderator (post‐intervention)b | Kc | Betad | 95%CI | P (two‐tailed) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cancer type: breast (referent: mixed) | 27 | −0.10 | −0.25‐0.05 | .174 |
| Cancer stage: non‐metastatic (referent: mixed) | 24 | −0.08 | −0.24‐0.09 | .349 |
| Distress level inclusion criterion (referent: no) | 27 | −0.02 | −0.19‐0.15 | .818 |
| Control: passive (referent: active) | 25 | 0.23 | 0.03‐0.43 | .027 |
| Intervention adaptation: major (referent: minor) | 28 | 0.00 | −0.15‐0.15 | .991 |
| Intention to treat: yes (referent: no) | 29 | −0.06 | −0.29‐0.17 | .632 |
| Gender(% women) | 29 | 0.00 | 0.00‐0.01 | .137 |
| Mean sample age (years) | 29 | −0.02 | −0.03‐0.00 | .017 |
| Time since cancer diagnosis | 12 | 0.00 | −0.01‐0.00 | .698 |
| Time to post‐intervention (weeks) | 29 | 0.00 | −0.04‐0.03 | .794 |
| Intervention dose (total hours intervention) | 26 | 0.01 | −0.00‐0.02 | .122 |
| Home practice/day (minutes) | 11 | 0.01 | 0.00‐0.03 | .082 |
| Attrition rate at post‐intervention (%) | 28 | −0.00 | −0.01‐0.01 | .549 |
| Publication year | 29 | −0.02 | −0.04‐0.00 | .062 |
| Mindfulness‐based intervention quality (range:0‐9) | 28 | −0.04 | −0.10‐0.02 | .193 |
| Moderator (follow‐up)a | K | Betab | 95%CI | P (two‐tailed) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cancer type: breast (referent: mixed) | 16 | −0.05 | −0.25‐0.16 | .670 |
| Cancer stage: non‐metastatic (referent: mixed) | 16 | 0.12 | −0.09‐0.32 | .273 |
| Distress level inclusion criterion (referent: no) | 16 | 0.00 | −0.22‐0.23 | .985 |
| Control: passive (referent: active) | 14 | 0.29 | 0.06‐0.52 | .014 |
| Intervention adaptation: major (referent: minor) | 18 | −0.21 | −0.39‐−0.03 | .024 |
| Intention to treat: yes (referent: no) | 18 | −0.70 | −1.12‐−0.28 | .001 |
| Gender(% women) | 18 | 0.00 | 0.00‐0.01 | .078 |
| Mean sample age (Years) | 18 | −0.02 | −0.03‐0.00 | .028 |
| Time since cancer diagnosis (months) | 8 | −0.00 | −0.01‐0.00 | .062 |
| Time to follow‐up (weeks) | 18 | −0.02 | −0.04‐0.00 | .046 |
| Intervention dose (total hours intervention) | 15 | 0.00 | −0.01‐0.02 | .662 |
| Attrition rate at follow‐up (%) | 16 | −0.01 | −0.02‐0.00 | .124 |
| Publication year | 18 | 0.01 | −0.04‐0.05 | .778 |
| Mindfulness‐based intervention quality (range: 0‐9) | 18 | −0.05 | −0.14‐0.04 | .283 |
Bold values indicate statistical significance.
a
Primary outcome variable—psychological distress, anxiety, and depression.
b
Analyses conducted when > 8 studies available for the analysis.
c
Number of included studies.
d
Maximum likelihood.