Table 1.
In vitro antileishmanial activity (IC50) and cytotoxic effect (CC50) of the essential oils from Bixa orellana L. and Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants and their nanocochleate formulations.
| Products | IC50a ± SDb (μg/mL) | CC50c ± SDb (μg/mL) | Selectivity Index |
|---|---|---|---|
| EO-Bo | 8.5 ± 0.8 | 61.8 ± 5.9 | 7 |
| EO-Bo-NC | 15.4 ± 1.3* | 94.6 ± 2.2* | 6 |
| EO-Da | 4.9 ± 1.1 | 57.9 ± 3.7 | 12 |
| EO-Da-NC | >60* | 46.9 ± 4.4* | - |
| GTM | 11.0 ± 3.4 | >1500 | >136 |
| NC | ~25% of infection at maximum volume tested. | ~70% of mortality at maximum volume tested. | - |
a IC50: Concentration of product that caused 50% of inhibition growth. b SD: Standard deviation. c CC50: Concentration of product that caused 50% of macrophage mortality. EO-Bo: Essential oil from B. orellana. EO-Bo-NC: Essential oil from B. orellana formulated in nanocochleates. EO-Da: Essential oil from D. ambrosioides. EO-Da-NC: Essential oil from D. ambrosioides formulated in nanocochleates. GTM: Glucantime®. NC: Empty nanocochleates. *: Displays statistical differences (p < 0.05) compared to respective EO.