Table 1.
Categories of claims.
| Categories of Claims | Subcategories of Claims | Content of Claims |
|---|---|---|
| Health Claims | General health claims | Claims related to general beneficial health effects (e.g., healthy, fit, nutritious). |
| Claims for special diets 1 | Claims related with allergies/intolerance (e.g., gluten free, dairy free), vegetarian/vegan. | |
| Claims for ‘Natural’ 1 | Claims related to natural/pure products, and absence of additives, pesticides, and hormones. | |
| Others | Nutrient and function claims, reduction of disease risk claims. | |
| Nutrition Claims | Nutrients of concern 2 | Nutrient comparative or nutrient content claims related to saturated fat, trans fat, sugar, and sodium. |
| Nutrients not of concern | Nutrient comparative or nutrient content claims related to fiber, vitamins and minerals, unsaturated fatty acids, and protein. | |
| Others | Health-related ingredients (e.g., quantity of fruits, nuts, wholegrains), claims related to nutrients not included in the other sub-categories created (e.g., carbohydrates). | |
| Environment-Related Claims | Organic, biodiversity, genetically modified organism free. |
1 Although special diets and natural-related claims are classified as “Other Claims” in the INFORMAS taxonomy, we combined them with the other health-related claims; 2 We considered nutrients of concern those for which excess intake is associated with increased non-communicable disease risk [29].