Table 1.
The role of mitomiRs in cardiac diseases.
| miRNA | Cell Type/Tissue | Targeting Mitochondria | Pathology | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| miR-181c and miR-378 | Human and rat heart | fatty acid metabolism, electron transport activity, and energy metabolism pathways | Heart failure | [33,58] |
| miR-696, miR-532, miR-690, miR-345-3p | Human heart | fatty acid biosynthesis, energy metabolism, and oxidative stress pathways | Heart failure | [33] |
| miR-762 | Neonatal rat cardiac myocytes, pig and mouse heart | energy metabolism pathways (pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4, serum/glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1), and mitochondrial fusion regulators | Ischemic heart disease | [61,62,63] |
| miR-210 | Fetal rat cardiomyocytes, and mouse embryonic fibroblasts | energy metabolism and oxidative stress pathways (mitochondrial iron-sulfur cluster homologue (ISCU1/2)) | Ischemic heart disease | [64,65,66] |
| miR-146a | Human and mouse heart, and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes | energy metabolism and oxidative stress pathways (dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase (DLST) | Cardiac hypertrophy | [67] |
| miR-1 | Mouse heart | mitochondrial calcium signaling (the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU)) | Cardiac hypertrophy | [64,65,66] |
| miR-30 | Neonatal rat cardiac cells and rat heart | mitochondrial apoptosis signaling (Bcl-2 and Bnip3L/Nix) and the mitochondrial fission regulator dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) | Cardiac hypertroph | [55,68] |
| miR-485-5p | Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and mouse heart | mitochondrial fusion-fission regulators (mitochondrial anchored protein ligase and mitochondrial fusion protein2 (Mfn2)) | Cardiac hypertrophy | [69] |
| miRNA-378 | Mouse heart and HL-1 cardiomyocyte | ATP synthase membrane subunit 6 | Diabetic heart | [70,71] |
| miR-92a | Neonatal rat cardiac myocytes, and mouse heart | mitochondrial gene cytochrome-b | Diabetic heart | [72] |