Table 3.

Randomized trials of dietary/multidomain interventions and cognition.

Name		Eligibility	N	Intervention	Duration	Endpoint	Outcome
FINGER Lance 2015t	FINnish GERriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability	60–70 years old Cardiovascular Risk Factors Aging and Dementia score (CAIDE) ≥ 6 points	1260 46% Female	Diet, exercise, cognitive training, vascular risk monitoring versus control	2 years	Neuropsychological test battery (NTB) Z score	NTB score higher in Intervention P = 0.030
MAPT Lancet Neurology 2017	Multidomain Alzheimer Prevention Trial	70+ years old 1) Memory complaints 2) Limitations in ADL or 3) Slow gait	1525 65% Female	4 arms, Multidomain (MD) +placebo; Omega 3 FA alone; MD + Omega 3 FA; placebo	3 years	Composite Z score Combining 4 cognitive tests	No significant effect on cognitive decline compared to placebo
NU-AGE Diet Frontier in Physiology 2018	New dietary strategies addressing the specific needs of the elderly population for healthy ageing in Europe	67–79 years old Free of dementia relatively healthy older adults	1279 100% Female	NU-AGE DIET, Medi, like versus usual diet control	1 year	Cognitive function Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) Plus CERAD score	No overall difference Higher adheres Improvement in global function
PREDIMED-NAVARRA J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2013	Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea	Age 75 years (mean) High vascular risk	522 55% Female	3 arms, 2 MedDiets ± extra-virgin olive oil or mixed nuts versus “low fat” control**	6.5 years	Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) plus Clock Drawing Test (CDT)	MedDiets higher than control MMSE, P = 0.005 CDT, P = 0.001