Alternative XCL1 conformations exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity similar to wild type. A: Bactericidal activity of WT-XCL1 or conformational variants against E. coli ML35. B: Bactericidal activity of WT-XCL1 or conformational variants against L. monocytogenes 10403s. C: Bactericidal activity of WT-XCL1 or conformational variants against S. Typhimurium 14028s, an organism with inherent resistance to defensins, to a maximum [peptide] of 20 μM. D: Bactericidal activity of XCL1 and conformational variants in E. coli, L. monocytogenes, and S. Typhimurium at 5 μM. Black: untreated, red: WT-XCL1, blue: XCL1-CC3, purple: XCL1-CC5, and gray: XCL1-CC0. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA; comparisons were corrected with Sidak’s multiple comparison test (**** = p < 0.0001). Error is reported as ± standard deviation.