Abstract
Objective
To examine the correlates of current smoking among Métis aged 18 years and older, with a particular focus on culturally-specific factors. Cultural factors included spirituality, knowledge of an Aboriginal language, membership in a Métis organization and attendance at Métis cultural events. Demographic, geographic, socio-economic and health-related variables were also considered.
Methods
Data from 6,610 adult Métis aged 18 years and older who responded to the 2006 Aboriginal Peoples Survey and Métis supplement were used to examine the correlates of current smoking using sequential binary logistic regression modelling.
Results
Overall, 39.9% of adult Métis respondents in the sample were current smokers. Adult Métis who reported a high level of spirituality were less likely to be current smokers. Those who spoke an Aboriginal language, or lived in a house where an Aboriginal language was spoken, were more likely to be current smokers. Being a member of a Métis organization and attending cultural events were not independently associated with current smoking. Métis with higher household income, greater education, higher self-perceived health, and greater physical activity participation were less likely to be current smokers, whereas those who reported heavy alcohol consumption were more likely to be current smokers.
Conclusions
The results of this study suggest that interventions aimed at reducing smoking among adult Métis might be more successful if they include some connection to spirituality. It is also evident that co-occurring risk behaviours, in addition to demographic and socio-economic factors, are important considerations when developing interventions to reduce smoking among this population.
Key Words: Smoking, tobacco, Indigenous population, adult, Canada
Résumé
Objectif
Examiner les corrélats du tabagisme actuel chez les Métis de 18 ans et plus, en accordant une attention particulière aux facteurs propres à la culture. Les facteurs culturels étaient la spiritualité, la connaissance d’une langue autochtone, l’appartenance à une organisation métisse et la participation à des activités culturelles métisses. Des variables démographiques, géographiques, socioéconomiques et sanitaires ont aussi été prises en compte.
Méthode
Les données des 6 610 Métis adultes de 18 ans et plus ayant répondu à l’Enquête auprès des peuples autochtones de 2006 et au Supplément destiné aux Métis ont servi à examiner les corrélats du tabagisme actuel selon un modèle de régression logistique binaire séquentielle.
Résultats
Globalement, 39,9 % des répondants métis adultes de l’échantillon étaient des fumeurs actuels. Les Métis adultes ayant déclaré un haut niveau de spiritualité étaient moins susceptibles d’être des fumeurs actuels. Ceux qui parlaient une langue autochtone ou qui vivaient dans une maison où l’on parlait une langue autochtone étaient plus susceptibles d’être des fumeurs actuels. L’appartenance à une organisation métisse et la participation à des manifestations culturelles n’étaient pas indépendamment associées au tabagisme actuel. Les Métis dont le revenu du ménage, le niveau de scolarité, la santé autoperçue et le niveau d’activité physique étaient plus élevés étaient moins susceptibles d’être des fumeurs actuels, tandis que ceux ayant déclaré une forte consommation d’alcool étaient plus susceptibles d’être des fumeurs actuels.
Conclusions
Les interventions visant à réduire le tabagisme chez les Métis adultes pourraient être plus fructueuses si elles incluaient un lien avec la spiritualité. On voit aussi que les comportements à risque concomitants, en plus des facteurs démographiques et socioéconomiques, sont d’importants facteurs à prendre en compte lorsqu’on élabore des interventions pour réduire le tabagisme dans cette population.
Mots Clés: tabagisme, tabac, population d’origine amérindienne, adulte, Canada
Footnotes
Conflict of Interest: None to declare.
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