Abstract
Objectives
To estimate compliance with Canada’s Low-Risk Alcohol Drinking Guidelines (LRDG) in different groups of drinkers after adjusting for underreporting of alcohol use, and to identify which types of beverage are more likely to be consumed when LRDGs are exceeded.
Method
Our sample consisted of 43,242 Canadians aged 15 and over who had responded to the Canadian Alcohol and Drug Use Monitoring Survey, 2008–2010. Consumption in excess of LRDG was estimated for subgroups of drinkers after adjustment for under-reporting of consumption. Responses to Beverage-Specific Yesterday questions were used to make age-, gender- and beverage-specific corrections to under-reporting for data from the last 12 months Quantity-Frequency questions. Statistics Canada data on sales of beer, wine and spirits were also incorporated into the adjusted calculations.
Results
After adjustment for under-reporting, non-compliance with weekly LRDG limits to reduce risk of long-term harm increased from 6.8% to 27.3% among drinkers, and from 42.3% to 68.3% with respect to drinks. Non-compliance with daily LRDG limits to reduce risk of short-term harm increased from 16.7% to 38.6% among drinkers, and from 53.3% to 80.5% with respect to drinks. After adjustment, over 92% of total consumption occurred on risky drinking days among underage Canadians and over 91% of consumption reported by young adults took place during risky drinking occasions. Wine was least likely to be drunk in a risky fashion, spirits were the most likely.
Conclusion
When corrections for under-reporting are made, most Canadian alcohol consumption occurs on days when national LRDG are exceeded, especially for underage and young adult drinkers.
Key words: Survey, yesterday drink, alcohol
Résumé
Objectifs
Estimer le respect des Directives de consommation d’alcool à faible risque du Canada (DCFR) au sein de divers groupes de buveurs après avoir tenu compte de la sous-déclaration de la consommation d’alcool et déterminer quels types de boissons sont les plus susceptibles d’être consommées lorsque les DCFR sont dépassées.
Méthode
Notre échantillon était composé de 43 242 Canadiens âgés de 15 ans et plus qui ont répondu à l’Enquête de surveillance canadienne de la consommation d’alcool et de drogues, 2008–2010. On a estimé la consommation dépassant les DCFR après ajustement de la sous-déclaration de la consommation des sous-groupes de buveurs. Les réponses aux questions Propre à une boisson-Hier ont servi à corriger la sous-déclaration liée à l’âge, au genre et à la boisson particulière des données des 12 derniers mois des questions Quantité-Fréquence. Les données de Statistique Canada sur la vente de bière, de vin et de spiritueux ont également été incorporées aux calculs ajustés.
Résultats
Après avoir tenu compte de la sous-déclaration, la non-conformité aux limites hebdomadaires des DCFR pour réduire le risque de dommage à long terme est passée de 6,8 % à 27,3 % parmi les buveurs et de 42,3 % à 68,3 % quant aux consommations alcooliques. La non-conformité aux limites quotidiennes des DCFR pour réduire le risque de dommage à court terme est passée de 16,7 % à 38,6 % parmi les buveurs et de 53,3 % à 80,5 % quant aux consommations alcooliques. Après ajustement, plus de 92 % de la consommation totale s’est produite les jours de consommation d’alcool risqués chez les mineurs canadiens et plus de 91 % de la consommation déclarée des jeunes adultes s’est produite lors d’occasions risquées de consommer. Le vin était la boisson la moins susceptible d’être consommée et les spiritueux, les plus susceptibles de l’être.
Conclusion
Une fois les corrections apportées pour tenir compte de la sous-déclaration, la consommation d’alcool de la plupart des Canadiens se produit les jours pendant lesquels les DCFR nationales sont dépassées, en particulier chez les buveurs mineurs et chez les jeunes adultes.
Mots Clés: enquête, consommation d’alcool d’hier, alcool
Footnotes
Acknowledgements: This study was supported by the Centre for Addictions Research of BC Endowment Fund held by the University of Victoria.
Conflict of Interest: None to declare.
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