Abstract
Objectives
The purpose of this study is to estimate and compare smoking prevalence over two time periods in a Manitoba First Nation community.
Methods
Data from two independent Diabetes Screening Studies in Sandy Bay First Nation, collected in 2002/2003 (n = 482) and 2011/2012 (n = 596), were used. Crude prevalence of current and ever smoking as well as current smoke exposure was estimated. Change over time was tested using a χ2 statistic.
Results
The crude prevalence of current smoking was 74.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 70.1, 78.0) in 2002/2003 and 80.0% (95% CI: 76.8, 83.2) in 2011 /2012. The crude prevalence of ever smoking was 83.0% in 2002/2003 and 91.4% in 2011 /2012. The prevalence of both current smoking status and ever smoking were significantly higher in 2011 /2012 compared to 2002/2003 (p = 0.020 and p < 0.001 respectively). Among participants who were not current smokers, 58.5% (95% CI: 49.6, 67.4) and 76.5% (95% CI: 68.9, 84.1) reported at least one person who smoked in the home in 2002/2003 and 2011 /2012 respectively (p = 0.003). In 2011 /2012, 96.5% (95% CI: 94.8, 98.2) of those who reported having any children under the age of 18 living in the home were either a current smoker and/or reported that someone else smoked in the home.
Conclusion
Public health and policy initiatives are needed to address the increase in smoking prevalence in the study community.
Key words: Smoking, First Nation, Aboriginal, community-based participatory research, sovereignty
Résumé
Objectifs
L’objectif de l’étude est d’estimer et de comparer la prévalence de la cigarette pendant deux périodes dans une collectivité des Premières Nations au Manitoba.
Méthodes
Ce sont les données de deux Enquêtes sur le dépistage du diabète dans la Première Nation de Sandy Bay recueillies en 2002–2003 (n=482) et en 2011–2012 (n=596) qui ont servi. On a estimé la prévalence brute de la cigarette actuelle et jusqu’aujourd’hui de même que l’exposition actuelle à la fumée. Le changement au fil du temps a été testé au moyen de la statistique χ2.
Résultats
La prévalence brute actuelle de la cigarette était de 74,0 % (intervalle de confiance [IC] de 95 %: 70,1, 78,0) en 2002–2003 et de 80,0 % (IC de 95 %: 76,8, 83,2) en 2011–2012. La prévalence brute de la cigarette jusqu’aujourd’hui était de 83,0 % en 2002–2003 et de 91,4 % en 2011–2012. La prévalence de la cigarette actuelle et jusqu’aujourd’hui était sensiblement supérieure en 2011–2012 par rapport à 2002–2003 (p = 0,020 et p < 0,001 respectivement). Parmi les participants qui ne fumaient pas à ce moment, 58,5 % (IC de 95 %: 49,6, 67,4) et 76,5 % (IC de 95 %: 68,9, 84,1) ont déclaré qu’au moins une personne fumait au foyer en 2002–2003 et en 2011–2012 respectivement (p = 0,003). En 2011–2012, 96,5 % (IC de 95 %: 94,8, 98,2) de ceux qui déclaraient avoir un enfant de moins de 18 ans qui vivait au foyer fumaient ou déclaraient que quelqu’un fumait au foyer, ou les deux.
Conclusion
Des initiatives de santé publique ou politiques sont essentielles pour traiter la prévalence accrue de la cigarette dans la collectivité de l’étude.
Mots Clés: cigarette, Première Nation, autochtone, recherche participative axée sur la collectivité, souveraineté
Footnotes
Acknowledgements: This study was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and the Manitoba Health Research Council (MHRC). Natalie Riediger is the recipient of a CIHR Frederick Banting and Charles Best Canada Graduate Scholarship Doctoral Award (2009-2012), an MHRC Studentship (2012–2014), a Manitoba Network Environment for Aboriginal Health Research Award (2011–2013), as well as top-up funding from the University of Manitoba, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Graduate Studies, and Department of Community Health Sciences. We acknowledge the support of the study community and research participants as well as all those involved in data collection.
Conflict of Interest: None to declare.
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