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Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne de Santé Publique logoLink to Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne de Santé Publique
. 2010 Mar 1;101(Suppl 1):S23–S28. [Article in French] doi: 10.1007/BF03403842

Contraintes psychosociales de travail et problèmes de santé mentale au Québec : une analyse différenciée selon le sexe

Michel Vézina 1,, Renée Bourbonnais 1, Alain Marchand 1, Robert Arcand 1
PMCID: PMC6973570  PMID: 20629443

Abstract

Objective

The objective of the study was to conduct a gender-based analysis of associations between certain psychosocial work demands and certain mental health problems in Québec.

Methods

The study comprised 2,877 workers, with a response rate of 78%. Data collection was conducted by means of computer-assisted interviews, mainly in person. The mental health problems retained in the model were: psychological distress, a major episode of depression, and a positive score on the global depression index. The psychosocial work demands measured were: level of decision latitude, of psychological job demands and of social support. A set of job and personal characteristics were also measured.

Findings

In all, 41% of Québec workers have a low level of decision authority and 46% experience low skill discretion at work. Moreover, 45% reported having little social support and 40% high psychological job demands. The findings show that 25% of the population studied had experienced a level of psychological distress during the month preceding the survey, and during the previous 12 months, 4% had had a major episode of depression and 6.4% a score on the global depression index indicating depression. These indicators seemed more marked among women compared to men. The findings of the multivariate analysis showed that among women, low skill discretion surprisingly appeared to be a protective factor against a major episode of depression.

Conclusion

The reasons for these differences between the sexes are discussed and seem related to such factors as more unfavourable working conditions for women, as well as double workloads (home and work), and a relationship to work that differs from that of men.

Key words: Job characteristics, stress, mental health, working conditions, women’s health

Footnotes

Les informations présentées dans cet article sont issues des analyses de l’enquête sur la santé dans les collectivités canadiennes (cycle 1.2), réalisées par les auteurs et publiées par l’Institut de la statistique du Québec (ISQ) sous le titre «Stress et santé mentale chez les adultes Québécois». https://doi.org/www.stat.gouv.qc.ca/publications/sante/stress_travail.htm

Conflit d’intérêts: Aucun à déclarer

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