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Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne de Santé Publique logoLink to Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne de Santé Publique
editorial
. 2013 Nov 28;104(4):e348–e350. doi: 10.17269/cjph.104.3830

The Power and Pitfalls of HIV Phylogenetics in Public Health

James I Brooks 114,214,, Paul A Sandstrom 114
PMCID: PMC6974137  PMID: 24044477

Abstract

Phylogenetics is the application of comparative studies of genetic sequences in order to infer evolutionary relationships among organisms. This tool can be used as a form of molecular epidemiology to enhance traditional population-level communicable disease surveillance. Phylogenetic study has resulted in new paradigms being created in the field of communicable diseases and this commentary aims to provide the reader with an explanation of how phylogenetics can be used in tracking infectious diseases. Special emphasis will be placed upon the application of phylogenetics as a tool to help elucidate HIV transmission patterns and the limitations to these methods when applied to forensic analysis. Understanding infectious disease epidemiology in order to prevent new transmissions is the sine qua non of public health. However, with increasing epidemiological resolution, there may be an associated potential loss of privacy to the individual. It is within this context that we aim to promote the discussion on how to use phylogenetics to achieve important public health goals, while at the same time protecting the rights of the individual.

Key Words: Phylogenetics, HIV, public health, criminalization of HIV, molecular epidemiology

Footnotes

Conflict of Interest: None to declare.

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