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Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne de Santé Publique logoLink to Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne de Santé Publique
. 2013 May 1;104(3):e216–e221. doi: 10.17269/cjph.104.3577

Sexual Health of Adolescents in Quebec Residential Youth Protection Centres

Gilles Lambert 17,27,, Nancy Haley 17,37, Sandrine Jean 17,47, Claude Tremblay 17, Jean-Yves Frappier 37, Joanne Otis 57, Élise Roy 67
PMCID: PMC6974192  PMID: 23823885

Abstract

Objectives

To document risk behaviours and prevalence of chlamydia and gonorrhoea infections among adolescents aged 14 to17 years entering care in Quebec Youth Protection Centres (YPC).

Methods

From July 2008 to May 2009, adolescents residing in six YPCs completed a questionnaire during a face-to-face interview. Questions covered sexual and substance use behaviours prior to admission, as well as other health issues affecting respondents’ mental and physical health. Urine samples were tested for Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection (CTGI) and Neisseria gonorrhoea genital infection (NGGI).

Results

Among 578 participants aged 14 to 17 years, 89% had had consensual sexual relations. Sexual risk behaviours included early sexual initiation (66% at <14 years); multiple partners (median lifetime number: girls 5, boys 8); 50% or more of sexual relations under the influence of drugs or alcohol (girls 43%, boys 48%); group sex (girls 38%, boys 43%); and sex in exchange for money or other goods (girls 27%, boys 8%). Only a quarter of boys and girls used double protection (condom and a contraceptive method) during the most recent vaginal relation. A history of pregnancy was reported by 28% of girls. Prevalence of CTGI was 9.3% (CI: 5.5–14.5) among girls and 1.9% (CI: 0.6–4.4) among boys. Prevalence of NGGI gonorrhoea was 1.7% (CI: 0.3–4.8) among girls and 0% (CI: 0.0–1.4) among boys.

In multivariate analyses, factors significantly associated with chlamydia infection among sexually active girls were: hospitalization for alcohol intoxication; and a history of suicidal ideation with plan.

Conclusion

Sexual risk behaviours are common among adolescents entering YPCs, resulting in high levels of chlamydia infection. Mental health issues such as substance misuse and serious depressive symptoms are associated with these high rates. A youth’s stay in these facilities is an opportune time to screen not only for sexual risk behaviours but also for mental health problems; appropriate risk reduction education and referrals can then be provided as needed.

Key Words: Sexual health, adolescent health, mental health, sexual behaviours, sexually transmitted infections, youth protection

Footnotes

Sources of support: Direction générale des services sociaux et Direction générale de la santé publique, Service de lutte aux ITSS, Ministère de la santé, Québec.

Acknowledgements: Association des centres jeunesse du Québec et Regroupement des médecins omnipraticiens en centres jeunesse. The research team sincerely thanks the youth who participated as well as the many Youth Protection staff members who made this study possible. The study was funded by Direction générale des services sociaux and Direction générale de la santé publique, Service de lutte aux ITSS.

Conflict of Interest: None to declare.

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