Abstract
Objectives
Canadian recommendations exist for energy intake (EI), physical activity (PA) and gestational weight gain (GWG) to help pregnant women avoid excessive GWG and attain “fit pregnancies”. Our objectives were: 1) to measure daily EI, PA and GWG to observe whether pregnant women were meeting recommendations, 2) to explore the impact of health care provider advice on PA and GWG, and 3) to determine behaviours associated with recommended weekly GWG.
Methods
Women (n=81) were recruited from prenatal classes. Current weight and self-reported pre-pregnancy weight were documented. Current PA levels and provider advice for PA and GWG were surveyed using questionnaires. Dietary recalls and pedometer steps were recorded for three and seven days respectively.
Results
The majority of our women were classified as having average pre-pregnancy body mass indices (BMI) of 23.3 ± 4 kg/m2, average EI of 2237 kcal/d and energy expenditure (EE) of 2328 kcal/d, but with weekly rates of GWG in excess of current recommendations despite having received advice about GWG (74%) and PA (73%). Most were classified as sedentary (<5000 steps/day (d)) and 36% as low active (<7500 steps/d). Women were most likely to achieve appropriate GWG if their total PA was >8.5 MET-hr/wk.
Conclusion
Health care providers need to provide appropriate PA and GWG guidelines to pregnant women. Development of pregnancy step and MET-hr/wk recommendations are warranted in order to promote greater PA during pregnancy.
Keywords: Physical activity; pregnancy; gestational weight gain; information resources; steps
Résumé
Objectifs
Les recommandations canadiennes à l’égard de l’apport énergétique (AE), la pratique de l’activité physique (AP) et le gain de poids gestationnel (GPG) peuvent être utiles pour éviter un GPG excessif et atteindre une « grossesse en santé ». Les objectifs de cette étude étaient: 1) estimer l’AE et l’AP quotidiens et le GPG pour établir si les femmes enceintes observent les recommandations, 2) étudier l’impact des conseils reçus des professionnels de la santé sur le GPG et la pratique d’AP, et 3) déterminer les comportements associés au GPG recommandé.
Méthodes
Des femmes enceintes (n=81) ont été recrutées lors de classes prénatales. Le poids actuel mesuré et le poids auto-rapporté avant la grossesse ont été utilisés pour les analyses. La pratique actuelle d’AP et les conseils reçus concernant le GPG et l’AP ont été estimés à l’aide de questionnaires. La collecte de données incluait aussi trois rappels de 24-heures et de l’utilisation d’un pédomètre durant 7 jours.
Résultats
Les participantes à l’étude avaient un indice de masse corporelle (IMC) moyen de 23,3 ± 4 kg/m2 avant la grossesse, un AE moyen de 2237 kcal/jour et une dépense énergétique moyenne de 2328 kcal/jour. Par contre, celles-ci ont eu un GPG hebdomadaire supérieur aux recommandations malgré avoir reçu des conseils au sujet de GPG (74%) et de l’AP (73%). La plupart des femmes étaient sédentaires (<5000 pas/jour); 36% étaient légèrement actives (<7500 pas/jour). Les femmes ayant un niveau d’activité physique supérieur à 8,5 MET-hr/sem avait plus de chance d’avoir un GPG approprié.
Conclusion
Les professionnels de la santé doivent modifier les conseils relatifs à l’AP et au GPG donnés aux femmes enceintes. L’élaboration de recommandations pour le nombre de pas quotidien durant la grossesse et le nombre de MET-hr/sem est justifié pour encourager la pratique de l’AP lors de la grossesse.
Motsclés: activité physique; grossesse; gain de poids gestationnel; source d’information; pas
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