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Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne de Santé Publique logoLink to Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne de Santé Publique
. 2007 Mar 1;98(2):143–148. doi: 10.1007/BF03404327

Exploring Rural Health Inequalities at a Local Scale

The Case of Portneuf, Québec

Robert Pampalon 1,, Alexandre Lebel 1, Denis Hamel 1
PMCID: PMC6975598  PMID: 17441540

Abstract

Background

The most common way of accounting for the countryside in health studies has been to compare it, as a whole, to the city. Furthermore, most of the work on small area health inequalities has been confined to major urban centres. To counter this trend, in this paper, we explore small area health inequalities in the predominantly rural county of Portneuf (population = 44,545), Québec. Such information can be of interest for local health planning.

Methods

Three sources of data were used to define neighbourhood units: historical data, socio-economic data and perceptions of local stakeholders. Demographic, socio-economic and general health status indicators were calculated by neighbourhood unit. For health status indicators, data came from mortality files (1998 to 2002), hospitalization files (2001/02) and the 2001 census for disability (individuals who reported being often limited in their daily activities) and the reference population.

Results

The county of Portneuf was subdivided into 8 neighbourhoods. Differences between neighbourhoods were noticeable for demographic, socio-economic and all health status indicators. The greatest differences were found between the town of Pont-Rouge (population = 4,975) and the hinterland of the towns of Donnacona (population = 6,125) and Saint-Marc-des-Carrières (population = 3,160). The most striking was a difference of 6 to 8 years of disability-free life expectancy between the two groups, to the advantage of Pont-Rouge.

Conclusion

Although measuring rural health inequalities at a local level has some methodological limitations, true health inequalities exist in the county of Portneuf. These now need to be examined further.

MeSH terms: Rural health, small-area analysis, health status indicators

Footnotes

Acknowledgements: The research on which this paper is based was sponsored by the Population Health Initiative of the Canadian Institute for Health Information. The authors are also grateful to two anonymous reviewers who provided helpful comments.

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