Table 1. Structural and functional comparison of SP and TP tumors.

		SP vs TP	Subcutaneous (s.c.) TP vs orthotopic (ortho.)TP	References
Vasculature fragility		TP > SP	Ortho > s.c.	Fenton et al. (2001); Drees et al. (2015); Guerin et al. (2019); Fung et al. (2015)
Vasculature growth rate		TP > SP		This review
Tumor architecture		SP > TP SP = TP		This review Weiss et al. (2017); Guerin et al. (2019)
Tumor growth rate		TP > SP TP = SP		Wexler et al. (1965); McCredie et al. (1971); Rous (1914); Burton and Begg (1961); Zhu et al. (2017)
TGFβ abundance		SP > TP	Ortho > s.c.	Guerin et al. (2019); Zhu et al. (2017); Choudhury et al. (2004)
Spontaneous immune response		TP > SP		Anders et al. (2017)
Tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) renewal rate		TP > SP		Strachan et al. (2013); Franklin et al. (2014)
Myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) abundance		SP > TP	Ortho > s.c.	Coffelt and de Visser (2015); Zhu et al. (2017); Guerin et al. (2019); Devaud et al. (2014)
Sensitivity to	Immunogenic cell death (ICD)-based chemotherapy	TP only		Ciampricotti et al. (2012); Coffelt and de Visser (2015)
	Stimulator of interferon genes protein (STING) agonists	TP only		Guerin et al. (2019)
	Adoptive transfer of T cells	TP > SP		Zhu et al. (2017)
	Vaccination	TP only		Old et al. (1961); Hirsch (1962); Reilly et al. (2000); Ercolini et al. (2003)
	Cortisone	TP > SP		Burton and Begg (1961)
	Interleukin-12 (IL-12)	TP only		Lee et al. (2002)