Figure 8.

Overview of the signal transduction through TRPC channels. TRPC can be activated by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca²⁺ store depletion, GPCRs (sensing extracellular stimuli such as growth factors, neurotransmitters, hormones etc.), and mechanical stimulation. The activity of TRPC can be modulated by various PTMs and mutations. The downstream effect of TRPC activation is mainly mediated by Ca²⁺ influx. As an important second messenger, Ca²⁺ may trigger a wide array of signaling pathways and lead to various biological processes including change in gene expression, proliferation, differentiation, migration, contraction, secretion, and apoptosis.